1^ 


THE\V^R 

IN  CARTOONS 


Lifornia 

onal 

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Compiled  6l  Edited  ly 
George  J.  Hecht. 


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\i: 


THE  WAR  IN  CARTOONS 

A  History  of  the  War  in  100  Cartoons 

by  27  of  the  most  prominent 

American  Cartoonists 


CoupiLED  AND  Edited  bt 

GEORGE  J.  HECHT 

rOUNDHB  or  TUB   DCMCAU  or  4-AnTOOKS 

couMrrrEB  on  public  inpohuation 


PIBLISIIKD  HY 


E.  p.  DLTTOX  &  COMPANY 

NEW  YORK 


By  Lute  Pease  in  the  Nervark  News. 


"Though  the  mills  of  God  grind  slowly, 
Yet  they  gi-ind  exceeding  small; 
Though  with  patience  He  stands  waiting, 
With  exactness  grinds  He  all." 

Friedrich  von  Logau. 


stack 
Annex 


eg 


CONTEXTS 
"Though  the  Mills  of  God  Grind  Slowly,"  Lute  Pease    .  Fronthpiece 

tAom 

The  Extinguisheh,  O.tcar  Cesare 11 

Tiu:  In<'?;.\i)I.\i<ie.s,  John   T.  McCiitckeon 13 

"Der  Tag,"  John   T.  McCiitcheon 15 

"Military  Necessity,"  J.  II.  Donahey 17 

Balked!  Charles  H.  Sykes 19 

Defendinx;  the  Fatherland  on  the  East  Front,  D.  R.  Fitzpatrick  21 

What  Makes  Old  Glory,  Robert  Carter 23 

German  Efficiency,  J.  II.  Donahey 25 

"But  Why  Did  You  Kill  Us?"  RolUn  Kirby 27 

His  Shattered  Masterpiece,  Edwin  Marcus 29 

German  " Kiltur,"  0.  P.  Williams 31 

The  Modern  David,  Edwin  Marcus 33 

"Friends  of  France,"  Charles  Dana  Gibson 35 

Verdun,  Charles  II.  Sykes S7 

Friendly  Relations,  ./.  //.  Cas.iel 39 

Lifting  the  Lid,  D.  R.  Fitzpatrick 41 

Dead  Men  Tell  No  Tales,  J.  \.  Ding 43 

The  Honor  of  the  German  Arms,  ./.  .V.  Ding 45 

The  Russian  Revolution,  Oscar  Cesare 47 

America  Hears  the  Call,  J.  U.  Ca.isel 49 

For  the  Freedom  of  the  Seas,  Robert  Carter 51 

"I  Will  not  Abandon  My  Sorely  Tried  People!"  Gaar  Williams  53 

vii 


viii  CONTENTS 

FAOa 

Our  Answer,  Harry  Murphy 55 

"Not  Dot  I'm  Interested,  But — "  Charles  H.  Sykes       ...  57 

For  Freedom,  Not  Conquest,  Oscar  Cesare 59 

The  Storm  Is  Coming!    Help!  James  Montgomery  Flag;)       .      .  61 

Another  Spring  Drive,  J.  H.  Donahey 63 

At  Your  Service,  J.  H.  Cassel 65 

Uncle  Sam  :  "  For  a  Small  Boy  You  Have  a  Remarkably  Large 

Appetite,"  Edicin  Marcus 67 

KLmser:   "Halt!  Who  Goes  There?"  Oscar  Cesare     ....  69 

Men!     Bah!  D.  R.  Fitzpatrick 71 

The  Great  American  Game — Pershing  at  the  Bat,  R.  0.  Evans  73 

The  Hope  of  Civilization,  John  T.  McCutcheon 75 

The  Shield  of  Liberty,  Harry  Murphy 77 

Nothing  Left  But  the  Howl,  J.  H.  Donahey T9 

What  Would  Your  Dollar  Be  Worth  Without  Her?  R.  J.  Bieger  81 

The  Man  Behind,  Paid  Fung 83 

The  Bridge  of  Boats,  Windsor  McCay 85 

"They  Said  'No'!"  D.  R.  Fitzpatrick 87 

At  Jerusalem,  Oscar  Cesare 89 

Join!  Gordon  Grant 91 

The  Only  Railroad  President  Left,  Rollin  Kirhy     ....  93 

Are  We  Completing  the  Cycle?  J.  N.  Ding 95 

The  Cornerstone,  R.  0.  Evans 97 

On  to  France!  Nelson  Harding 99 

The  Spirit  of  the  Note,  Charles  H.  Sijkes 101 

The  Beast  Next  Door,  J.  H.  Donahey 103 

What's  the  Difference?    D.  R.  Fitzpatrick 105 

Tired  of  Giving!    You  Won't  Know  What  It  Is  to  be  Tired, 

J.  N.  Ding 107 

War  Savings  Stamps  Will  Buy  Shells,  Oscar  Cesare      .     .     .  109 


('OXTKNTS  iz 

fta« 

Pitting  All  Their  PiNtu  ix  one  Glove,  R.  0.  £r«».v  .  Ill 

It's  a  Race  Between  IIixdenburo  and  Wilson,  Lute  Peane  .  113 

Granted!    ./.  //.  Casscl 115 

One  Front  They  Didn't  Mean  to  Break,  Eduin  Marrun   .  117 

Locked  In!     ./.  //.  Cassd 119 

Up  to  Him,  Lute  Pease HI 

High  Tide.  .\>/.so»  Harding Ii3 

His  First  Town,  Rollin  Kirhy 125 

Another  Great  German  Discovery,  ./.  //.  Ding 127 

One  or  the  Other,  .1.  B.  Chapin 129 

Hindy's  Fall  Style  DEtoRATioNs.  Robert  11'.  Sallerfield   .      .      .  131 

Congratulations  from  an  Expert,  Rollin  Kirby 133 

Seeing  Stars,  Harry  Murphy 185 

They  Also  Serve,  Oscar  Cesare 137 

"The  End  of  a  Perfect  Day,"  Gaar  Williams 139 

"I  Too  Am  Against  Yol!"  Harry  Murphy 141 

Columbia's  Greater  Task,  Charles  Dana  Gibson 143 

Our  Supergun  Speaks,  Charles  H.  Sykes 145 

"Be  It  Ever  so  Humble,"  D.  R.  Fiizpairick 147 

The  Rats  Are  Beginning  to  Leave,  J.  X.  Ding 149 

"Bonds — ^YI1ICH!■'"  Oscar  Cesare 151 

And  He  Only  Got  a  Taste  of  It,  Charles  H.  Sykes  ....  153 

The  Wail  of  a  Bully,  .1.  B.  Chapin 155 

"That  Sk;nature  Is  no  Good;  Have  the  Lady  Sign  It,"  Fdiciu 

Marcus 157 

"Peace — Kamerad!"  .\elson  Harding 159 

"How  Could  I  Hklp  It?    Allah  Quit  When  He  Found  Gott 

Had  Deserted!"  Charles  H.  Sykes 161 

Vandal  in  Victory,  Vandal  in  Defeat,  Rollin  Kirby  163 

Adjourning  Politics  for  the  Duration  of  the  Wah,  ./.  .V.  Ding  .  165 


X  CONTENTS 

PAoa 

The  Sweetheart  of  the  Allies,  Paul  Fung 167 

Dog — Gone  It,  Claude  Shafer 169 

The  Yellow  Streak,  Nelson  Harding 171 

Peace  on  Earth,  A.  B.  Chapin 173 

The  Gorgon's  Head,  Robert  Carter 175 

The  Dawn  of  Tomorrow,  J.  H.  Cassel 177 

The  Lost  Returned,  J.  H.  Cassel 179 

Home,  Rollin  Kirby 181 

Out  at  Last,  Rollin  Kirby 183 

Thanksgiving  Birds,  Claude  Shafer 185 

"I  Have  to  Report,  Sir,  the  Job  Is  Done,"  Rollin  Kirby  .  187 

"Die  Wacht  Am  Rhein,"  0.  P.  Williams 189 

The  Colors,  John  T.  McCutcheou 191 

Overbalanced,  J.  H.  Cassel 193 

Homeward  Bound,  0.  P.  Williams 195 

Ain't  It  a  Grand  and  Glorious  Feeling?  Clare  Briggs  .           .  197 

The  Message  and  the  Messenger,  Charles  H.  Sykes       .      .      .  199 

Gosh!  A.  B.  Chapin 201 

And  Thus  Endeth  the  Story,  J.  A'.  Ding 203 

And  the  Next  Lesson  Will  Be,  A.  B.  Chapin 205 

"Is  It  Possible  That  We  Will  Go  Right   Back  to  This?" 

J.  N.  Ding 207 


INTRODUCTION 


The  late  King  Leopold  of  Hclgium  collected  all  the  for- 
eign and  domestic  cartoons  and  caricatures  of  himself  and 
these  were  preserved  in  albums  labeled.  "The  King  of  Belgium 
as  Others  See  Ilim."  It  is  regrettable  that  ex-Kaiser  William 
II  was  not  inspired  with  the  same  idea. 


0m:r^w 


"Hie.  CA«Tt>i>fMST 
MAnes  reopue_ 
SEE  THINGS  I 

In  the  so-called  YellotL-  Journal  of  the  White  House, 
which  is  prepared  daily  for  President  Wilson  in  order  that  he 
may  keep  in  close  touch  with  i)ublic  sentiment,  there  are  in- 
cluded along  with  newspaper  clippings  several  cartoons  beai'- 
inc  on  national  (luestions.  Marshal  Foch's  ambition  was  at  one 
^  [1] 


THE  WAR  IN  CARTOONS 

time  to  be  a  great  cartoonist.  General  Pershing  has  a  cartoon 
framed  in  his  A.E.F.  headquarters,  and  cartoons  are  a  particu- 
lar hobby  of  Mr.  Herbert  Hoover.  Cartoonists  frequently 
receive  letters  from  U.  S.  Cabinet  members  and  European  am- 
bassadors requesting  original  cartoons.  Not  only  the  masses 
but  also  the  men  who  hold  the  most  exalted  positions  are  in- 
terested in  cartoons. 

The  appearance  of  cartoons  in  the  daily  press  is  but  a  com- 
paratively recent  occurrence.  Half  a  century  ago  only  a  few 
national  weeklies  published  cartoons.  Within  the  last  two 
decades,  however,  the  press  has  realized  the  value  of  the  car- 
toon in  conveying  a  message  forcefully  and  instantaneously. 
At  the  present  time  there  are  in  the  United  States  approx- 
imately 500  jirofessional  cartoonists  drawing  regularly  for 
daily  newspapers  and  periodicals. 

At  first  cartoons  dealt  largely  with  jiolitics  but  within  re- 
cent years  the  tendency  has  been  to  broaden  their  scope.  Since 
1914,  cartoonists  everywhere  have  been  drawing  very  largely 
on  the  war  subjects.  Eveiy  jihase  of  the  struggle  has  been 
covered  in  the  millions  of  war  cartoons. 

Never  in  history  has  there  been  presented  so  splendid  an 
opportunity  for  cartoonists  to  demonstrate  their  power.  One 
can  not  do  credit  to  a  powerful  Springfield  rifle  if  one  has  noth- 
ing but  squirrels  at  which  to  shoot.  Cartoonists,  too,  must 
have  subjects  worthy  of  their  weapon  in  order  to  demonstrate 
their  ability.  The  war  furnished  great  subjects  and  great  car- 
toons resulted.  A  higher  standard  of  ideas  and  execution 
was  speedily  developed. 

[2] 


INTRODFCTIOX 

It  has  been  said  that  tlie  pen  is  mightier  tlian  the  sword. 
The  war  has  again  proven  this  to  be  so.  The  piihHcity  given 
Germany's  coneeption  of  the  ohhjrations  of  treaty,  her  plans 
for  worhl  domination  and  her  harl)arons  methods  of  fighting 
turned  tiie  wliole  worhl  against  her.  The  addresses  of  Presi- 
dent Wilson,  heard  by  Congress  l)ut  read  by  people  everywhere. 
Mere  more  effective  than  any  of  the  great  German  offensives. 
Public  opinion  rules  the  world  to-day  and  no  carefully  organ- 
ized military  system  can  withstand  it. 

In  the  discussions  of  the  various  agencies  through  which 
public  opinion  is  molded,  much  has  l)een  said  about  the  power 
of  the  editor's  pen,  but  strange  to  say  little  has  been  published 
about  the  even  greater  influence  of  the  cartoonist's  crayon. 

Editorials,  no  matter  how  forceful,  are  read  by  but  few 
people  conij)ared  to  those  who  read  the  many,  more  interesting 
news  items.  Cartoons,  on  the  other  hand,  attract  every  one 
because  of  their  contrast  with  the  uniform  printed  matter  that 
usually  surrounds  them.  Cartoons  retjuire  little  time  or 
thought  for  their  complete  digestion  and  are  therefore  editorials 
at  a  glance.  Thejr  power  lies  in  their  simple  and  universal 
appeal.  They  are  frequently  able  to  induce  thoughts  that 
columns  of  reading  matter  fail  to  stimulate. 

As  powerful  molders  of  public  opinion  and  stimulators 
of  action,  cartoons  played  their  part  in  defeating  Teutonic  au- 
tocracy. The  proof  of  the  effectiveness  of  the  war  power  of 
cartoons  lies  in  Germany's  opinion  of  the  work  of  Louis  Rae- 
maekers  and  of  Allied  and  American  cartoonists. 

Soon  after  the  invasion  of  Belgium.  Raemaekers'  power- 
La] 


THE  WAR  IN  CARTOONS 


fill  cartoons  in  the  Amsterdam  Telegraaf  attracted  much  atten- 
tion and  were  widely  reproduced.  The  German  government, 
realizing  their  influence,  did  everything  in  its  i^ower  to  sup- 
press them,  and  set  a  price  on  Raemaekers'  head,  should  he  ever 
venture  across  the  border.  Through  German  intrigue,  Rae- 
maekers was  charged  in  the  Dutch  courts  with  endangering 
the  neutrality  of  Holland,  and  later,  it  is  reported,  an  attempt 
was  made  to  torpedo  the  ship  in  which  he  fled  to  England. 


According  to  press  reports.  Count  von  Hertling,  the  ex- 
Imperial  German  Chancellor,  speaking  of  Allied  propaganda, 
said: 

"When  a  result  was  not  obtained  by  the  spoken  or  written 
word  it  was  achieved  by  pictorial  representations — produc- 
tions of  absolutely  devilish  fantasy,  from  which  one  turns  with 
horror  and  disgust.  But  the  result  has  been  attained.  A 
hatred  has  been  raised  among  enemy  populations  against  the 
Central  Powers  and  particularly  against  Germanv." 

[4] 


INTRODUCTION 


There  has  probably  been  no  <4i(>iii»  of  persons  wbieb  has 
proven  itself  more  eager  to  serve  during  the  (ireat  War  than 
have  the  cartoonists  of  America.     They  have  grasped  e\'erv 


*MIRie*N  IX»tOITION*IIV  roDcei 
OPPICI  or  TMt  COMWANOIN-IN-CMIK* 

France.  October  28.  191G. 


TO  THE  CAaroOllISTS  0?  HEHICA. 


inorioans  IndiTidyally  ood  as  groupe  have 
met  their  new  duties  In  fine  aplrlt  and  intel- 
ligence, and  this  has  been  particularly  true 
of  your  talented  craft.     Your  work  nas  been 
one  of  the  most  important  factors  In  creating 
and  sustaining  that  resolute  popular  opinion 
which  Is  now  the  voice  of  Amorioa.   Yon  have 
given  unvarying  loyalty  and  a  lot  of  hard  work 
to  our  Sovernaent  and  to  our  armod  forces. 

Speaking  for  the  Arqy  in  France.  I  con  as- 
sure you  that  you  have  uiade  us  alternately 
serious  and  happy,  both  of  which  are  good-  for 
us.    Times  without  nmubor  your  cartoons  have 
Illustrated,  or  interpreted,  or  exposed  policy 
or  purpose,  quicker  and  more  efrectlvoly  than 
the  written  word.   You  have  been  ready  with  the 
flash  of  humor  or  the  touch  of  satire  whon  that 
was  the  treatment  required.   You  have  my  envy 
because  you  mist  hove  such  fine  times  doing 
your  work,  especially  those  of  you  to  whom  the 
gods  have  given  the  blessed  gift  of  ))ujiior. 


C^^/^^t^i: 


opportunity  to  draw  patriotic  cartoons  and  have  rendered  a 
considerable  service  in  helping  to  convert  public  emotion  into 
constructive  patriotic  acticni. 

At  the  beginning  of  tlie  war  when  tlie  German  war  aims 
were  not  widely  known,  when  the  publie  had  to  be  informed 

[5] 


THE  WAR  IN  CARTOONS 

about  the  atrocities  of  the  Huns,  and  when  the  war  had  to  be 
brought  home  to  those  who  hved  so  far  from  the  cannon's  roar, 
the  many  general  patriotic  cartoons  that  were  drawn  were  of 
definite  value.  They  electrified  the  people  as  nothing  else 
could  have  done. 

In  order,  however,  to  inform  the  cartoonists  of  the  many 
specific  subjects  upon  which  the  Government  wished  to  have 
cartoons  drawn,  the  Bureau  of  Cartoons  was  established  in  De- 
cember, 1917,  under  the  auspices  of  the  National  Committee 
of  Patriotic  Societies.  In  June,  1918,  the  Committee  on  Pub- 
lic Information  took  over  the  Bureau  of  Cartoons.  The  bureau 
published  weekly  the  Bulletin  for  Cartoonists,  which  was  sent 
regularly  to  every  cartoonist  in  the  United  States.  These 
bulletins  contained  subjects  for  cartoons  as  suggested  by 
the  United  States  Food  Administration,  the  Treasury  De- 
partment and  other  government  agencies.  As  no  specific 
pictorial  ideas  wxre  given,  there  was  no  danger  of  the 
cartoons  drawn  on  the  subjects  suggested  losing  their  indi- 
viduality, for  each  cartoonist  expressed  the  thoughts  in  a  differ- 
ent way.  The  purpose  of  the  Bulletin  was  distinctly  not  to 
give  directions.  The  suggestions  that  were  offered  were  to 
enable  cartoonists  to  be  of  the  greatest  possible  service.  In 
this  way  a  considerable  cartoon  power  was  developed  which 
helped  the  Government  in  stimulating  recruiting,  populariz- 
ing the  di-aft,  saving  food  and  fuel,  selling  Liberty  Bonds  and 
War  Savings  Stamps,  warning  against  German  propaganda 
and  in  solving  a  myriad  of  other  difficult  war  problems. 

People  will  be  reading  for  decades  and  children  studying 

[6] 


INTRODUCTIOX 


for  centuries  the  events  of  the  past  five  years.  Unlike  the 
thousands  of  voluminous  histories  of  the  Great  War  that  will 
he  written,  the  present  volume  is  a  collection  of  one  hundred 
cartoons,  drawn  contemporaneously  hy  twenty-seven  of  the 
most  prominent  American  cartoonists  on  the  salient  events  of 
the  war,  with  particular  reference  to  tiic  participation  of  the 
United  States. 


TO     VKIOR^Y 

This  volume  also  includes  some  memorahle  quotations 
from  President  Wilson  and  other  prominent  war  leaders  and 
describes  briefly  the  events  which  the  cartoons  more  forcefully 
portray.  An  interesting  opportunity  is  offered  to  compare  the 
manners  of  presentation  and  the  styles  of  execution  of  the  vari- 
ous cartoonists.  It  is  regrettable  that  examples  of  the  work 
of  other  equally  capable  American  cartoonists  can  not  be  in- 
cluded. Limitations  of  s])ace  also  prevent  the  reproduction 
of  any  of  the  drawings,  which  have  been  published  in  American 

[7] 


THE  WAR  IN  CARTOONS 

newspapers,  by  foreign  cartoonists  such  as  Louis  Raemaekers 
and  Captain  Bruce  Bairnsfather. 

The  cai'toons  in  this  volume  were  drawn  by  men  who  are 
not  merely  artists  but  keen  observers  carefully  gauging  the 
pulse  of  the  times.  What  history  of  the  war  can  be  more 
stimulating  than  this  remarkably  simple  record  in  cartoons? 
Here  with  a  few  strokes  of  a  cartoonist's  crayon  is  portrayed 
that  which  is  more  important  than  historic  facts — the  Spirit 
of  the  Struggle.  In  these  cartoons  there  is  recreated  the  war 
atmosphere. 


ACKNOWLEDGMENT 

I  wish  to  express  my  appreciation  to  the  newspapers  and 
cartoonists  for  permission  to  reproduce  copyrighted  matter. 
I  also  extend  my  thanks  to  Miss  Gretchen  Leicht,  the  manager 
of  the  Bureau  of  Cartoons,  for  her  assistance  in  collecting  the 
thousands  of  cartoons  from  which  those  reproduced  in  this  vol- 
mne  were  chosen. 

G.  J.  H. 


[8] 


NEWARK    EVENING    NEWS.    TUESDAY.    SEPTEMBEK    7.    1015. 

HOW  FAR   CAN  HE  GO? 


THE  EXTINGUISHER. 

Before  the  war  the  world  looked  to  Germany  for  much 
of  the  best  that  there  was  in  literature,  science,  and  music.  But 
the  value  of  her  civilization  was  completelj-  over-balanced  by 
her  system  of  government  of  which  the  ex-Emperor  himself 
said:  "Only  one  is  master  in  this  country.  That  is  I.  Who 
opposes  me,  I  shall  crush  to  pieces.  All  of  you  have  only  one 
will  and  that  is  mj'  will;  there  is  only  one  law  and  that  is  my 
law." 


[10] 


15_v  Oscar  ('i»mic   in   tlic   .\i>r    ) Dik  Evriiiitg  I'ost. 

Ill  i:  E  X  r  I X  G  r  I  s  1 1  ek  . 


[n] 


THE  INCENDIARIES. 

On  June  28,  1914,  the  Archduke  Ferdinand,  heir  to  the 
throne  of  Austria-Hungary,  and  his  consort,  the  Duchess  of 
Hohenberg,  were  assassinated  at  Sarajevo,  Bosnia,  by  a  Ser- 
bian student.  This  was  the  pretext  used  by  Austria-Hungary 
for  sending  an  ultimatum  to  Serbia  which  that  country  could 
not  possibly  accept  without  sacrificing  her  national  honor.  It 
has  been  proven  that  the  war  which  Austria- Hungary  declared 
on  Serbia  on  July  28,  1914,  was  instigated  by  Germany. 


[12] 


s:M>f>^ 


They  startcfl  .something- 


That  set  the  world  on  tire. 

By  Joliii  T.   McCiitcli.  .Ill   ill  tlic  Chicago  Tribune. 

THE  INCENDIARIES. 


[13] 


"DER  TAG." 

"Der  Tag" — the  day  when  war  would  be  declared — was 
for  many  years  the  favorite  toast  in  the  German  army  and 
navy.  Many  prominent  Germans  have  openly  admitted  that 
war  was  deliberately  planned  and  looked  forward  to.  For 
forty  years  they  had  been  developing  a  perfect  military  system 
and  constructing  a  large  na\'y  in  anticipation  of  the  war  which 
was  to  achieve  world  domination  for  Germany. 


[14] 


i  ■•■ 


>■«--;-•■ 


By  John  T.  McCutcheon  in  tlie  Chicago  Tribune. 

"DER  TAG. ' 


[15] 


"MILITARY  NECESSITY." 

In  spite  of  her  promise  to  respect  Belgian  neutrality, 
Germany  on  August  2, 1914,  demanded  a  free  passage  through 
Belgium  to  France.  This  being  denied,  Germany  proceeded 
to  overrun  Belgium,  which  act  she  defended  as  a  "Military 
Necessity."  The  resistance  of  the  Belgian  forces  at  Liege  and 
Namur  gave  the  French  time  to  prepare  for  the  expected  in- 
vasion. Not  only  did  the  Germans  attack  Belgian  troops  but 
they  also  deliberately  and  systematically  proceeded  against 
the  civilian  population  and  attempted  by  means  of  murder, 
wholesale  destruction,  forced  contributions  and  deportation  of 
both  men  and  women,  to  strike  terror  into  the  hearts  of  their 
foe. 


[16] 


By  J.   H.  Don.ilioy  in  tlic  Cleveland  Plain   Dialt-r. 

"MILITARY  NECESSITY." 


[17] 


BALKED! 

During  the  first  month  of  the  war  it  seemed  as  if  the  Ger- 
mans would  break  the  Allies'  line  and  capture  Paris.  Though 
the  brave  resistance  of  the  Belgian  forces  temporarily  re- 
tarded the  Teutonic  hordes,  the  advance  continued  syste- 
matically. Under  the  direction  of  General  Joffre  the  French 
executed  a  skillful  retreat  and  on  September  6,  1914,  counter- 
attacked and  drove  the  Germans  over  the  Marne  back  into 
Northern  France.  At  that  point  both  sides  entrenched  and 
there  was  little  open  warfare  again  until  the  closing  months 
of  the  war. 


[18] 


^>N 


By  Chus.  H.  Sykes  in  tlie  I'liilaJrlphia  Kirniiig  Ledger. 

BALKED! 


[19] 


DEFENDING  THE  FATHERLAND  ON  THE  EAST 

FRONT. 

The  story  of  the  systematic  exploitation  of  human  misery 
bj'  the  German  authorities  in  Poland  is  among  the  most  hor- 
rible of  the  war.  "In  the  great  Hindenburg  drive  one  year 
ago"  (1916),  wrote  Frederic  C.  Walcott,  "the  countiy  was 
completely  devastated  by  the  retreating  Russian  army  and  the 
oncoming  Germans.  A  million  people  were  driven  from  their 
homes.  Half  of  them  perished  by  the  roadside."  Through  a 
policy  of  starvation  the  Prussian  authorities  attempted  to 
transform  Poland  into  a  German  province  and  how  many  hun- 
dreds of  thousands  of  people  died  can  never  be  told. 


[20] 


By  D.  R.   Fitrpatrick  in  tlic  SI.  Louis  Post-Dispatch. 


DEFENDING  THE  FATIIEHLAM)  OX  1  UK  HAS  1 

FllUNT. 


[21] 


WHAT  MAKES  OLD  GLORY. 

The  Commission  for  Relief  in  Belgium,  under  the  leader- 
ship of  Mr.  Herbert  Hoover,  literally  rescued  the  civilian  in- 
habitants of  the  invaded  sections  of  Belgium  and  France  from 
all  but  total  extinction.  In  spite  of  the  most  trying  difficul- 
ties food  and  clothing  were  supplied  to  millions  of  refugees  who 
would  have  otherwise  been  left  to  perish  by  the  Germans.  This 
work  was  originally  supported  by  voluntary  contributions,  but 
it  was  later  financed  by  the  United  States  Government,  In 
consequence  of  the  ability  shown  by  Mr.  Hoover  in  this  work, 
he  was  appointed  United  States  Food  Administrator  and  later 
Director-General  of  European  reconstruction  work. 


[22] 


1^.  :^^^^w^ 


By  Robert  Carter  in  the  New  York  Evening  Sun. 

WHAT  MAKES  OLD  GI.OKV 


[23] 


"GERMAN  EFFICIENCY." 

The  air  raids  which  Germany  perpetrated  were  another 
phase  of  GJerman  frightfulness.  Thousands  of  French  and 
Enghsh  women  and  children  were  thus  murdered  and  millions 
of  dollars  worth  of  property  destroyed  though  no  military  ad- 
vantage was  gained.  German  warships  also  bombarded  Scar- 
borough and  other  unfortified  English  seaside  resorts.  All 
such  warfare  was  forbidden  by  the  regulations  of  the  Hague 
Conventions  which  Germany  had  accepted. 


[24] 


By  .1.  H.  Doii.iluy  in  tin-  ClfCflaiul  I'laiu  Dialer. 

"GERM AX  EF FlC  lENCY." 


[25] 


"BUT  WHY  DID  YOU  KILL  US?" 

On  May  17,  1915,  the  great  Cunard  liner  Ltmtania 
was  sunk  by  the  German  submarine  U-39  with  the  resultant 
loss  of  1,154  lives,  of  whom  114  were  American.  In  answer 
to  the  German  excuses  that  the  vessel  was  armed  and  carried 
ammunition  "destined  for  the  destruction  of  brave  German 
soldiers,"  the  United  States  replied  in  its  note  of  June  9,  1915: 
"Whatever  be  the  other  facts  regarding  the  Lusitania,  the 
principal  fact  is  that  a  great  steamer  primarily  and  chiefly  a 
conveyance  for  passengers,  and  carrying  more  than  a  thou- 
sand souls  who  had  no  part  or  lot  in  the  conduct  of  the  war,  was 
sunk  without  so  much  as  a  challenge  or  a  warning,  and  that 
men,  women  and  children  were  sent  to  their  death  in  circum- 
stances unparalleled  in  modern  warfare." 


[26] 


j^^^^i^*^'' 


By  Rollin  Kirby  in  tlie  New  York  World. 

"BUT  WHY  DID  YOU  KIUL  VS?" 


[27] 


HIS  SHATTERED  MASTERPIECE. 

In  1882  an  agreement  was  made  between  Germany,  Aus- 
tria and  Italy  for  their  mutual  defense.  In  1914  Germany 
claimed  to  be  bound  by  this  Triple  Alliance  to  protect  Austria 
against  attack  by  Russia.  Italy,  however,  claimed  that  Aus- 
tria had  taken  the  offensive  and  refused  to  fight  on  the  Teutonic 
side.  For  nearly  a  year  Italy  remained  neutral,  but  on  May 
23,  1915,  she  declared  war  on  Austria  and  later  on  Turkej', 
Bulgaria  and  Germany. 


[28] 


By  Edwin  Marcus  in  the  Xctr   York  Tiini-n. 

HIS  SHATTKHKD  MASTHUriKCE. 


[29] 


GERMAN  "KULTUR." 

On  October  13,  1915,  Edith  Cavell,  an  English  Red  Cross 
nurse,  was  executed  in  pursuance  of  sentence  passed  by  a  Ger- 
man Military  Court.  It  was  charged  against  her  that  she  had 
assisted  English  and  Belgian  men,  who  had  come  under  her 
care  as  a  nurse,  to  cross  the  frontier  to  Holland.  The  exe- 
cution took  place  in  spite  of  the  earnest  protests  in  her  behalf 
of  the  American  minister  in  Brussels.  This  single  act  engen- 
dered greater  indignation  throughout  the  world  than  any  atroc- 
ity except  the  sinking  of  the  Ltisitama. 


[30] 


By  O.  P.  Williams  in  the  Nrw  York  Journal. 

GERM  AX     Kri/iUR." 


[31] 


THE  MODERN  DAVID. 

Numerous  unsuccessful  attempts  were  made  bj^  neutral 
agencies  to  cause  a  cessation  of  hostilities.  Before  America 
entered  the  war  Henry  Ford,  the  automobile  manufacturer, 
invited  a  number  of  prominent  personages  to  visit,  at  his  ex- 
pense, the  belligerent  countries  for  the  purpose  of  accelerat- 
ing peace  negotiations.  The  Pope  on  August  1,  1917,  made 
a  more  formidable  attempt  by  proposing  a  definite  peace  pro- 
gram, but  this  achieved  no  better  result. 


[32] 


Br   Edwin  Marcus  in  the  Xcw   York   Tirnes. 

THE  MODEUX  DAVID. 


[33] 


FRIENDS  OF  FRANCE." 

Shortly  after  the  outbreak  of  hostihties  the  American 
Ambulance  Field  Sen-ice  was  organized  and  it  operated  a 
large  nimiber  of  motor  ambulances  for  the  transport  of 
wounded  from  the  front.  This  American  organization,  which 
was  supported  by  voluntary  contributions,  soon  expanded  and 
became  a  part  of  the  French  army.  The  ambulance  drivers, 
largely  American  college  men,  repeatedly  distinguished  them- 
selves for  bravery  under  fire.  One  of  these  ambulance  units, 
composed  largely  of  Cornell  University  students,  carried  the 
first  American  flag  to  the  battle  front. 


[34] 


By  fliarlis   nana  (Jibson  for  the  Aincricaii  Ainbulnnce  Field  Service. 

"FRIENUS  OF  FRANCE." 


[35] 


VERDUN. 

"Verdun,  the  military  key  of  the  western  front,  was  the 
scene  of  the  fiercest  fighting  of  the  war.  In  February,  1916, 
the  armies  of  the  German  Crown  Prince  began  a  violent  as- 
sault upon  Verdun  which  lasted  for  six  months.  This  offen- 
sive, which  was  tremendously  costly  in  human  life,  seemed  suc- 
cessful at  first,  but  finally  failed.  France  was  determined  that 
"they  shall  not  pass!" 


■>,-"'■■**-■'  i 


Bv  C'lias.  II.  Sykcs  in  the  J'/ii/adiii'inu  i-.nnini^  Ledger. 

VEHDUX. 


[87] 


FRIENDLY  RELATIONS. 

While  pretending  friendship  for  the  United  States,  Ger- 
many, through  her  secret  agents,  did  all  in  her  power  to  destroy 
our  industries  by  inciting  strikes  and  causing  explosions  in 
our  factories.  It  is  known  that  Ambassador  Bernstorff  asked 
the  German  Foreign  Office  to  send  him  $50,000  with  which  to 
try  to  influence  Congress,  and  millions  of  dollars  were  spent 
for  propaganda  in  this  covmtry. 


[38] 


^'i 


/  ■■ .  / 

I      :   -f 


.ji/ 


By  J.  H.  Cassel  in  the  Nen  York  World. 

FRIENDLY  RELATIONS. 


[S9] 


LIFTING  THE  LID. 

A  note  dated  January  19,  1917,  from  Dr.  Zimmerman, 
the  German  Foreign  Minister,  to  the  German  minister  in 
Mexico  fell  into  the  hands  of  the  U.  S.  State  Department. 
It  proposed  that  if  the  United  States  should  not  remain  neu- 
tral when  Germany  resumed  unrestricted  submarine  warfare, 
^Mexico  should  wage  war  on  the  United  States.  Financial  sup- 
port was  promised  and  New  Mexico,  Texas  and  Arizona  were 
offered  as  reward.  It  was  also  suggested  that  an  alliance  be- 
tween Germany,  ^Mexico  and  Japan  should  be  arranged. 


[40] 


-^g<(>gfcffc,>>oy 


B_v   I).  li.  Fitzpatrick  in  tlu'  .S'(.   Liiiils  Post-DUpatcU. 

LIFTING  THP:  lid. 


[41] 


DEAD  MEN  TELL  NO  TALES. 

Quite  typical  of  German  intrigue  and  diplomacy  is  the 
so-called  "Luxburg  incident."  Through  the  Swedish  embassy 
Luxburg,  the  German  minister  at  Buenos  Aires,  sent  a  cable 
to  the  German  Foreign  Office  advising  that  Argentine  steam- 
ers be  "spared  if  possible  or  else  sunk  without  leaving  a  trace." 
("Spurlos  versenkt.") 


[43] 


By  J.  N.  Ding  in  llie  Xrw  Yorh  Tribune. 

DEAD  .MEN   TKEL  NO  TALKS. 


[43] 


THE  HONOR  OF  THE  GERMAN  ARMS. 

"Vessels,  of  everj^  kind,  whatever  their  flag,  their  character, 
their  cargo,  their  destination,  their  errand,  have  been  ruth- 
lessly sent  to  the  bottom  without  warning  and  without  thought 
of  help  or  mercy  for  those  on  board,  the  vessels  of  friendly 
neutrals  along  with  those  of  belligerents.  Even  hospital  ships 
and  ships  carrying  relief  to  the  sorely  bereaved  and  stricken 
people  of  Belgium,  though  the  latter  were  provided  with  safe 
conduct  through  the  proscribed  areas  by  the  German  Gov- 
ernment itself  and  were  distinguished  by  unmistakable  marks 
of  identity,  have  been  sunk  with  the  same  reckless  lack  of  com- 
passion or  of  principle," 

From  President  Wilson's  War  Message,  April  2,  1917. 


[44] 


Bv  J. 


N.   Ding  in  the  A'ch'   York   Trihune  and  the  ])rs  Moinrt  liegister. 

THE  IlOXOlt  OF   rilK  GERMAN  AHMS. 


[45] 


THE  RUSSIAN  REVOLUTION. 

Probably  the  most  remarkable  event  of  the  war  was  the 
Russian  revolution.  The  old  autocratic  government  did  not 
respond  to  the  democratic  demands  of  the  people,  and  its  weak- 
ness was  demonstrated  to  them  by  its  inefficient  conduct  of 
the  war.  The  people  gradually  won  the  troops  over  to  the 
cause  of  the  Duma  and  the  nation,  and  when  on  March  12, 
1917,  the  Czar  suspended  the  Duma,  Rodzianko,  the  presi- 
dent of  the  Duma,  announced  the  next  day  the  formation  of 
a  Provisional  Government.  On  March  15  Czar  Nicholas  was 
forced  to  abdicate  but  the  Republic  was  not  formally  pro- 
claimed till  September  17,  1917. 


[46] 


By  Oscar  Cesarc  in  the  AV"'  York  Erening  Post. 

THE  RUSSIAN  HKVOLUTIOX 


[tr] 


AMERICA  HEARS  THE  CALL. 

In  spite  of  Germany's  promise  to  respect  the  rights  of 
neutrals,  on  January  31,  1917,  she  announced  unrestricted  sub- 
marine warfare  in  certain  specified  zones.  Three  days  later 
the  United  States  severed  diplomatic  relations  with  Germany 
and  Ambassador  Bernstorff  was  dismissed.  Several  addi- 
tional American  vessels  having  been  sunk.  President  Wilson  on 
April  2  asked  Congress  to  declare  the  existence  of  a  state  of 
war  with  Germany.  On  April  6,  1917,  Congress  passed  a 
joint  resolution  formally  declaring  a  state  of  war  and  direct- 
ing the  President  to  use  the  entire  military  and  naval  forces 
and  all  the  resources  of  the  country  "to  bring  the  conflict  to  a 
successful  termination." 


[48] 


By  J.  H.  Cassel  in  the  Netf   Yark  li'urld. 

AMERICA  HEARS  THE  CALL. 


[*9] 


FOR  THE  FREEDOM  OF  THE  SEAS. 

"Why  are  we  fighting  Germany?  The  brief  answer  is 
that  ours  is  a  war  of  self-defense.  We  did  not  wish  to  fight 
Germany.  She  made  the  attack  upon  us,  not  on  our  shores, 
but  on  our  ships,  our  lives,  our  rights,  our  future.  For  two 
years  or  more  we  held  to  a  neutrality  that  made  us  apologists 
for  things  which  outraged  man's  common  sense  of  fair  play 
and  humanity." 

Franklin  K.  Lane,  Secretary  of  the  Interior. 


[50] 


> 


i5y   Robert  Cartt-r  in  tlic  J'liilaiivlphia   I'rrss. 

FOU  TIIK   FKKKDOM   OF  THE  SEAS. 


[51] 


"I  WILL  NOT  ABANDON  MY  SORELY  TRIED 

PEOPLE!" 

"We  have  no  quarrel  with  the  German  people.  We  have 
no  feeling  toward  them  but  one  of  sympathy  and  friendship. 
It  was  not  upon  their  impulse  that  their  government  acted 
in  entering  this  war.  It  Avas  not  with  their  previous  knowl- 
edge or  approval.  It  was  a  war  determined  upon  as  wars  used 
to  be  determined  upon  in  the  old,  unhappy  days,  when  peo- 
ples were  nowhere  consulted  by  their  rulers  and  wars  were 
provoked  and  waged  in  the  interest  of  dynasties  or  of  little 
groups  of  ambitious  men  who  were  accustomed  to  use  their 
fellowmen  as  pawns  and  tools." 

From  President  Wilson's  War  Message  to  Congress, 

April  2,  1917. 


[52] 


By  Gaar  Williams  in  the  Indianapoli*  Nerr*. 

"I  WILL  NOT  ABANDON  MY  SORELY  TRIED 

PEOPLE!" 


[53] 


OUR  ANSWER. 

"The  world  must  be  made  safe  for  democracy.  Its  peace 
must  be  planted  upon  the  tested  foundations  of  political  Hb- 
erty.  We  have  no  selfish  ends  to  serve.  We  desire  no  con- 
quest, no  dominion.  We  seek  no  indemnities  for  ourselves,  no 
material  compensation  for  the  sacrifices  we  shall  freely  make." 
From  President  Wilson's  War  Message  to  Congress, 

April  2,  1917. 


[54] 


liv  Harry    .Miir|iliy   in  the  Chirat;o  Ui-ralil-E.Taminfr. 

UL  it  ANSWEU. 


[53] 


"NOT  DOT  I'M  INTERESTED,  BUT " 

"But  the  right  is  more  precious  than  peace,  and  we  shall 
fight  for  the  things  which  we  have  always  carried  nearest  our 
hearts,  for  democracy,  for  the  right  of  those  who  submit  to 
authority  to  have  a  voice  in  their  own  government,  for  the 
rights  and  liberties  of  small  nations,  for  a  universal  dominion 
of  right  by  such  a  concert  of  free  peoples  as  shall  bring  peace 
and  safety  to  all  nations  and  make  the  world  itself  at  last  free." 
From  President  Wilson's  War  Message,  April  2,  1917. 


[56] 


'■'•'^y* 


A  9 


■  ,7-.a!fr!a,.i 


...^ 


V 


Uv   riias.   H.  Sykcs  in  the  Philadelphia  Evening  Ledger. 


"NOT  DOT  IM  INTERESTED.  Bl^T- 


[57] 


FOR  FREEDOM,  NOT  CONQUEST. 

"To  such  a  task  we  can  dedicate  our  lives  and  our  for- 
tunes, everything  that  we  are  and  everything  that  we  have, 
with  the  pride  of  those  who  know  that  the  day  has  come  when 
America  is  privileged  to  spend  her  blood  and  her  might  for  the 
principles  that  gave  her  birth  and  happiness  and  the  peace 
which  she  has  treasured. 

"God  helping  her,  she  can  do  no  other." 

From  President  Wilsons  War  Message,  April  2,  1917. 


[58] 


By   Oscar  CVsarc  in  tlic  Xerr  York  Kiruiiii;  Post. 

von   FKKKDOM,  NOT  CONQFEST. 


<i*«LA^ 


[59] 


THE  STORM  IS  COMING!    HELP! 

When  the  call  for  service  came,  Americans  were  not  found 
wanting.  Men  and  women  everywhere  laid  aside  their  interest 
in  personal  success  to  render  public  service.  Not  only  native 
Americans  but  also  the  foreign  born — including  many  of  Ger- 
man descent — responded  promptly  to  the  various  Government 
appeals.  Sectional  jealousies  and  labor  disputes  were  all  im- 
mediately forgotten  and  the  whole  nation,  imbued  with  the  jus- 
tice of  its  cause,  devoted  all  its  energies  to  the  winning  of  the 
war. 


[60] 


By  James  Montgomery   I'lagg  of  the  I'igilaiites. 

THE  STORM  IS  COMING!     HELP! 


[61] 


ANOTHER  SPRING  DRIVE. 

Because  of  an  inadequate  farm  labor  supply  and  difficul- 
ties of  transportation,  Europe  during  the  war  was  dependent 
to  a  large  degree  upon  America  for  her  food  supply.  It  was 
possible  to  export  large  quantities  of  food  from  this  country 
because  the  farmers  greatly  increased  their  production  and 
because  the  supply  was  carefully  conserved.  "Food  will  win 
the  war — don't  waste  it,"  was  the  slogan  of  the  U.  S.  Food  Ad- 
ministration. The  economy  resulting  from  the  "Wheatless" 
and  "Meatless"  days  would  before  the  war  have  been  thought 
impossible  of  achievement. 


[62] 


H_v  J.  11.   l)onalK\    II]  tlu-  Clficluiid  I'lain  Dealer. 

AXOTIIKK   SIMMXC   l)l{n'K. 


[63j 


AT  YOUR  SERVICE. 

On  June  5,  1917,  nearly  ten  million  men,  between  the 
ages  of  21  and  31  inclusive,  registered  for  National  Service 
under  the  Selective  Service  Act.  President  Wilson  in  a  proc- 
lamation said  of  this  registration:  "It  is  a  new  thing  in  our 
history  and  a  land  mark  in  our  progress.  .  .  .  It  is  in  no  sense 
a  conscription  of  the  unwilling;  it  is  rather  a  selection  from  a 
nation  which  has  volunteered  in  mass.  ...  It  is  not  an  army 
that  we  must  shape  and  train  for  war ;  it  is  a  nation.  .  .  .  The 
nation  needs  all  men;  but  it  needs  each  man,  not  in  the  field 
that  will  most  pleasure  him,  but  in  the  endeavor  that  will  best 
serve  the  common  good." 


[64] 


.— '-* 


By  J.  H.  Cassel  in  the  AVw  York  Ji'orld. 

AT  YOUR  SERVICE. 


[65] 


UNCLE  SAM:  "FOR  A  SMALL  BOY  YOU  HAVE  A 
REMARKABLY  LARGE  APPETITE. " 

The  United  States  War  Trade  Board,  working  in  con- 
junction with  similar  organizations  in  Great  Britain  and  other 
allied  countries,  established  a  successful  embargo  against  the 
enemy.  Foodstuffs  and  other  raw  materials  were  prevented 
from  entering  Germany  through  neutral  countries,  and  Teu- 
tonic financial  interests  throughout  the  neutral  world  were 
completely  eclipsed.  This  absolute  embargo  played  an  im- 
portant part  in  achieving  the  final  victory. 


[66] 


By  Edwin  Marcus  in  the  Nrw  York  Timet. 

UNCLE  SAM:      FOR  A  SMALL  BOV  VOl    HAVE  A 
REMARKAliLY  LARCiE  APPE  riTE.' 


[67] 


KAISER:    "HALT!    WHO  GOES  THERE?" 
PEACE:    "FRIEND." 
KAISER:    "I  HAVE  NONE!" 

Twenty-two  nations  were  during  the  Great  War  allied 
against  the  Central  Powers.  These  were,  in  the  order  of  their 
declarations  of  war,  Serbia,  Russia,  France,  Great  Britain, 
Belgium,  Montenegi-o,  Japan,  Portugal,  Italy,  Roumania, 
Greece,  United  States,  Cuba,  Panama,  Siam,  Liberia,  China, 
Brazil,  Guatemala,  Nicaragua,  Haiti,  and  Honduras.  After 
Russia  dropped  out  of  the  conflict  several  of  her  former  states 
— Poland  and  the  Czechoslovak  Republic — entered  the  war  on 
the  side  of  the  Allies.  In  addition  Bolivia,  Peru,  Uruguay, 
and  Ecuador  broke  off  diplomatic  relations  with  Germany. 


[68] 


By  Oscar  Cesnre  in  the  AVro  York  Evening  I'oxl. 

KAISEU:       HALT!    WHO  GOES  THKKE?" 
PEACE:      FRIEND." 
KAISER:    "I  HAVE  XOXET 


[69] 


MEN!    BAH! 

The  Prussian  military  sj^stem  aimed  to  get  results  no  mat- 
ter what  the  cost.  No  sacrifice  of  human  life  was  too  great 
for  them;  no  treaty  or  rule  of  international  law  too  sacred  for 
them  to  disregard.  But  the  numerous  German  offensives, 
which  were  expected  to  break  the  Allies'  line  and  thus  to  win 
the  war,  proved  that  German  "efficiency"  was  not  invincible. 


[70] 


% 


By  1).   U.   litzpatriok  in  tlit-  SI.   /.oi/i.v  I'ost-Dispatch. 

MEN!     HAH! 


[71] 


THE  GREAT  AMERICAN  GAME— PERSHING  AT 

THE  BAT. 

Under  General  Pershing's  able  leadership  we  again 
proved  to  France,  by  helping  her  to  retain  her  freedom,  our 
appreciation  of  her  help  in  gaining  ours.  Probably  the  most 
dramatic  phrase  of  the  war  was  uttered  when  General  Pershing 
placed  a  wreath  on  the  tomb  of  Lafayette  in  the  Picpus  Ceme- 
tery in  Paris.     "Lafayette,  We  Are  Here,"  was  all  he  said. 


[72] 


^.(i^z^^/^ 


Vi\   U.  C).  Kvaiis  in  tlii'  lUillimorr  Anu-rican. 


THE  GREAT  AMKUICAX  (;AME— rKHSIIINC  AT 

THE  BAT. 


[:••'] 


THE  HOPE  OF  CIVILIZATION. 

"The  A'Kcrican  people  .  .  .  believe  that  peace  should  rest 
upon  the  rights  of  peoples,  not  the  rights  of  Governments — 
the  rights  of  peoples  great  or  small,  weak  or  powerful — their 
equal  right  of  freedom  and  security  and  self-government  and  to 
a  participation  upon  terms  in  the  economic  opportunities  of  the 
world,  the  German  people  of  course  included  if  they  will  accept 
equality  and  not  seek  domination." 
From  President  Wilson's  Reply  to  the  Pope,  August  27,  1917. 


174] 


IJv  John    i'.   Met.  utoln-i)ii  in  tin-  ('hirafft)  'J'nhuni-. 

TIIK  HOPE  OF  CIVILIZATION, 


17.'.] 


THE  SHIELD  OF  LIBERTY. 

"Sacrifice  and  service  must  come  from  every  class,  every 
profession,  everj"-  party,  every  creed,  every  section.  This  is 
not  a  banker's  war,  or  a  farmer's  war,  or  a  manufactur- 
er's war,  or  a  laboring  man's  war — it  is  a  war  for  every 
straight-out  American  whether  our  flag  be  his  by  birth 
or  by  adoption.  We  are  to-day  a  Nation  in  arms  and  we  must 
fight  and  farm,  mine  and  manufacture,  conserve  food  and 
fuel,  save  and  spend  to  the  one  common  purpose." 
President  Wilson  to  the  Northwestern  Loyalti/  Meeting,  No- 
vember 17,  1917. 


[76] 


By  Harry  Miirpliy  in  thf  ('/h'ch^'o  llerald-Examiner. 

THE  SHIELD  Ul'  LiliERTV 


[77] 


NOTHING  LEFT  BUT  THE  HOWL. 

One  of  the  chief  war  aims  of  Germany  was  the  establish- 
ment of  "Mittel  Europa"  in  the  interest  of  German  commerce 
and  German  militarism.  The  consolidation  of  the  German 
Empire,  the  Austro-Hungarian  Monarchy  and  the  Balkan 
States  into  a  single  economic  unit  would  have  been  an  accom- 
plished fact  had  not  the  Allies  been  victorious. 


[78] 


Bt  J.  H.  Donalicy  in  tlie  Cleveland  I'lain  Dealer. 

NOTHING  LEFT  BUT  THE  HOWL. 


[79] 


WHAT  WOULD  YOUR  DOLLAR  BE  WORTH 
WITHOUT  HER? 

"Men  in  America  have  from  the  first  until  now  dedicated 
both  their  lives  and  their  fortunes  to  the  vindication  and  main- 
tenance of  the  great  principles  and  objects  for  which  our  Gov- 
ernment was  set  up.  They  will  not  fail  now  to  show  the  world 
for  what  their  wealth  was  intended." 

From  President  Wilson's  Liberty  Loan  Proclamation. 


[80] 


By  R.  J.  Bieger  in  tlio  Si.  Louu  Globe  Democrat. 


WHAT  WOULD  YOUK  DOLLAK  UK  WORTH 
WITHOUT  HER? 


[81] 


THE  MAN  BEHIND 


"A  people  unwilling  to  make  the  supreme  sacrifice  for  the 
right  to  live  their  own  lives  as  a  nation  are  undeserving  of  the 
privilege  and  enjoyment  of  living  in  a  democratic  Republic. 
The  Roman  Republic  fell  because  of  the  intei-nal  lassitude 
and  indifference  of  the  masses.  In  this  critical  time  of  the 
world's  history  no  sacrifice  is  too  great  to  maintain  and  per- 
petuate the  best  that  we  have  attained  and  to  strive  for  still 
greater  ideals." 

Samuel  Gompers,  President  of  the  American  Federation 
of  Labor. 


[82] 


t^V\. 


> 


^' 


By   I'aul   I'uiiji;  in  tlic  Seattle  I'oxtl  iitrlligcinrr. 

THE  MAX  BEIIIM) 


[83] 


THE  BRIDGE  OF  BOATS. 

Before  the  Avar  the  United  States  had  long  ceased  to  be 
a  maritime  nation.  At  the  time  of  America's  entrance  into 
the  war  less  than  50,000  men  were  employed  in  the  shipyards, 
but  at  the  signing  of  the  armistice  there  was  an  army  of  over 
a  third  of  a  million  working  in  nearly  twice  as  many  shipbuild- 
ing ways  as  there  were  in  all  the  rest  of  the  world  combined. 
On  July  4,  1918,  alone,  89  ships  were  launched  in  the  United 
States.  All  shipbuilding  records  were  broken  when  the  S.  S. 
Tuckahoe  was  released  from  her  stays  27  days  after  her  hull 
was  laid. 


[84] 


liv  Windsor  McCay  in  the  AVrr   Yorl:  Ami-riinii. 

THE  BRIDGE  OF  BOATS. 


[85] 


"THEY  SAID   NO'!" 

Throughout  the  war  Austria-Hungary  was  simply  the 
vassal  of  Germany  and  was  used  by  that  superior  power  to 
carry  out  her  designs.  Because  of  Austria-Hungarj^'s  alle- 
giance to  Germany,  it  became  necessary  for  the  United  States 
to  declare  war  upon  her,  which  was  done  on  December  7,  1917. 
Many  peace  feelers  were  issued  by  Gei'manj'  through  Austria- 
Hungary,  but  the  United  States  and  the  Allies  were  firm  and 
were  not  fooled  by  the  insincerity  of  their  pleas. 


[86] 


By  D.  H.  I'itzpatrick  in  tlic  St.  Louis  I'ost-Dispatch. 

"TTTKV  SAID    NO!' 


[87] 


AT  JERUSALEM. 

Richard  Coeur  de  Lion!    "My  dream  come  true." 

As  a  part  of  the  Alhed  Near  Eastern  campaign  the  Brit- 
ish started  an  invasion  of  Palestine  from  Egypt  in  the  spring 
of  1917.  The  Russian  collapse  halted  for  a  time  these  opera- 
tions. But  after  the  fall  of  Ascalon  and  Jaffa  in  November, 
the  British  army  on  December  9,  under  General  E.  H.  H. 
Allenby,  captured  Jerusalem.  Thus  by  this  last  crusade  the 
Holy  Land  once  more  passed  into  Christian  hands.  Later  in 
this  campaign  the  fourth,  seventh  and  eighth  Turkish  armies 
were  completely  surrounded  and  compelled  to  surrender.  This 
precipitated  the  capitulation  of  the  Ottoman  Empire. 


[88] 


Bv  Oscar  Ccsarc  in  the  S'lW   York  F.vrniiig  J'ost. 

AT  JERUSxVLEM. 

Richard  Coeur  de  Lion!    "Mv  dream  come  true. 


[89] 


JOIN! 

"You  should  join  the  Red  Cross  because  this  arm  of  the 
National  Service  is  steadily  and  efficiently  maintaining  its  over- 
seas relief  in  every  land,  administering  our  millions  wisely  and 
well,  and  awakening  the  gratitude  of  every  people.  Our  con- 
sciences will  not  let  us  enjoy  the  Christmas  Season  if  this  pledge 
of  support  to  our  cause  and  the  world's  weal  is  left  unfilled. 
Red  Cross  membership  is  the  Christmas  spirit  in  terms  of 
action." 

From  President  Wilson's  1917  Red  Cross  Christmas 

Proclamation. 


[90] 


By  Gordon  Grant  for  the  American  Red  Cross. 

JOIN! 


[91] 


THE  ONLY  RAILROAD  PRESIDENT  LEFT. 

The  tremendously  heavy  demands  on  the  railroads  of  the 
United  States,  due  to  troop  movements  and  the  transportation 
of  huge  quantities  of  war  suppUes,  made  the  unification  of  ad- 
ministration essential.  Railroad  management  was  therefore 
taken  over  by  the  Government,  and  on  December  28,  1917, 
WiUiam  G.  McAdoo,  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury,  was  also 
appointed  Director-General  of  Railroads. 


[92] 


A- 


■"—.Ji- 


•r 


From  Rollin  Kirby  in  tlic  Xew  York  ff'orld. 

THE  ONLY  RAILROAD  PRESIDENT  LEFT. 


[93] 


ARE  AVE  COMPLETING  THE  CYCLE? 

On  January  8,  1918,  President  Wilson,  in  an  address  to 
a  joint  session  of  Congress,  named  fourteen  points  as  essential 
in  a  consideration  of  peace.  The  most  important  of  these  was 
the  fourteenth  point: 

"A  general  association  of  nations  must  be  formed,  under 
specific  covenants,  for  the  purpose  of  affording  mutual  guar- 
antees of  political  independence  and  territorial  integrity  to 
great  and  small  nations  alike." 


[94] 


Individuals  used  to  settle  their  differences  with  the  stone  ax  until  they  learned 
it  was  more  profitable  to  co-operate  and  join  together  in  clana. 


Clans  fought  each  other  for  centuries  until  they  found  that  through  the  medium 
of  a  state  they  could  settle  their  differences  without  bloodshed. 


States  attempted  to  settle  their  differences  through  the  medium  of  the  cannon 
and  sword  until  they  learned  the  advantage  of  national  uryty. 


Nat^ns  are  now  fighting  the  bloodiest  war  of  history  for  supremacy.    Is  it  not 
jSossibleThal'OTirDf  it  may  comran  international  league  to  enforce  peace? 

By  J.  N.  Ding  in  the  .Vf/r    I'ork   Trihunv  and  tlic  Des  Moines  liegi$ier. 

ARE  WK  COMPl.KTIXr.    TTTK  CVrT.E^ 


[95] 


THE  CORNERSTONE 

The  U.  S.  Fuel  Administration  was  established  in  order 
to  ensure  an  adequate  coal  supply  for  essential  war  purposes. 
At  times  restrictions  had  to  be  imposed  on  non-essential  indus- 
tries in  order  that  firms  having  war  contracts  and  household 
consumers  should  have  a  sufficient  supply.  During  the  first 
few  months  of  1918  "heatless  Mondays"  were  ordered  for  non- 
essential industries  because  of  the  coal  shortage  resulting  from 
the  severity  of  the  winter  and  the  congested  conditions  of  the 
railroads. 


[96] 


By  R.  O.  Evans  in  the  Baltimore  American. 

THE  COUXEliSTONK 

[97] 


ON  TO  FRANCE! 

In  spite  of  the  activities  of  German  submarines  two  mil- 
lion American  soldiers  were  tranpsorted  to  France  with  re- 
markably few  losses.  The  biggest  single  loss  of  American 
troops  was  170  lives  when  on  February  5,  1918,  the  British 
transport  Tiiscania  was  sunk  off  the  north  coast  of  Ireland 
with  2,200  soldiers  on  board. 


[98] 


Hy  Nelson  Harding  in  the  Brooklyn  Eagle. 

()\   TO   1  KAXCK! 


[99] 


THE  SPIRIT  OF  THE  NOTE. 

On  February  11,  1918,  President  Wilson  addressed  to 
Congress  his  reply  to  the  notes  of  Chancellor  von  Hertling  of 
Germany  and  Count  Czernin  of  Austria-Hungary.  His  clos- 
ing words  were : 

"The  power  of  the  United  States  is  a  menace  to  no  nation 
or  people.  It  will  never  be  used  in  aggression  or  for  the 
aggrandizement  of  any  selfish  interest  of  our  own.  It  springs 
out  of  freedom  and  is  for  the  sei-vice  of  freedom." 


100] 


•  \V'^:  '"^.  ^  '":.  '^•. 


By  Chas.  H.  Sykes  in  the  Philadelphia  Evening  Ledger. 

THE  SPIRIT  OF  THE  NOTE. 


[101] 


THE  BEAST  NEXT  DOOR 

Some  of  the  European  neutrals  suffered  almost  as  much 
from  the  war  as  the  belligerents.  Little  Holland,  wedged  in 
the  fighting  zone,  had  to  feed,  in  spite  of  her  small  food  supply, 
hundreds  of  thousands  of  refugees  from  Belgium.  She  had 
also  to  keep  her  army  mobilized  throughout  the  war  in  order, 
if  necessary,  to  defend  her  neutrality.  Switzerland,  deprived 
of  her  main  source  of  revenue — her  tourists — had  likewise  to 
keep  her  army  ready.  Next  to  Great  Britain,  Norway  sus- 
tained the  greatest  losses  from  German  U-boats,  1,205,000 
gross  tons  ha\'ing  been  sunk. 


[102] 


smm  I  k 


Hy   J.   H.    I)i)ii,ili,v  ill   til.-  Clrirtaud  Plain   l),„l,r. 

THE  IJEAST  .NEXT  DOOl? 


[103] 


WHAT'S  THE  DIFFERENCE? 

After  the  overthrow  of  autocracy  in  Russia  the  people 
were  unable  to  establish  a  permanent  stable  government. 
Russia's  great  natural  resources  and  vast  man  power  therefore 
became  valueless  to  the  Allies.  Alexander  Kerensky,  who 
had  played  an  important  part  in  the  revolution  of  1917,  when 
he  was  for  a  few  months  Premier  of  the  Provisional  Govern- 
ment, put  forth  herculean  efforts  to  adjust  the  differences  be- 
tween the  various  political  factions,  to  reoi'ganize  the  army  and 
to  continue  the  battle.  The  Bolsheviki,  seeking  an  immediate 
peace  and  the  application  of  the  principles  of  radical  socialism 
to  questions  of  property,  caused  the  fall  of  the  Kei'ensky 
government  and  once  more  threw  all  of  Russia  into  confusion. 


[104] 


H_v   1).    1'.   litzii.itrick  in  tlic  St.  Louis  I'ost-Dispatch. 

WHATS  TITK  DIFFEKENCE? 


[105] 


TIRED     OF    GIVING!     YOU    DON'T 
KNOW  WHAT  IT  IS  TO  BE  TIRED. 

All  descriptions  of  the  tremendous  suffering  caused  by 
the  war  are  inadequate.  They  include  not  only  the  misery  on 
the  battlefield  but  also  the  distress  of  the  inliabitants  of  in- 
vaded territory  and  the  heart-aches  of  those  at  home.  Along 
with  suffering  the  war  has  brought  to  the  world  a  new  spirit 
of  service  which  will  live  on  long  after  the  horrors  of  war  have 
ceased.  Terrible  as  was  the  price  which  the  world  has  paid, 
it  was  perhaps  not  too  great  if  it  has  helped  to  bring  about 
a  more  unselfish  spirit  throughout  humanity. 


1106] 


By  J.  N.  Ding  in  the  New  York  Trihiinc  and  tlii'  /)<•*  Moitiix  Urpistt-r. 

TIRED     OF     GIVING!      YOU     DOXT 
KNOW  WHAT  IT  IS  TO  BE   TlKEl). 


[107] 


WAR  SAVINGS  STAMPS  WILL  BUY  SHELLS. 

"To  practice  thrift  in  peace  times  is  a  \'irtue  and  brings 
great  benefit  to  the  individual  at  all  times;  with  the  desperate 
need  of  the  civilized  world  to-day  for  materials  and  labor  with 
which  to  end  the  war,  the  practice  of  individual  thrift  is  a  pa- 
triotic duty  and  a  necessity." 

From  President  Wilson's  appeal  to  the  people  to  huy  Ldherty 

bonds  and  War  Savings  Stamps. 


[108] 


By  Oscar  Ccsarc  for  the  Natioiinl  War  Savings  Coiniuittce. 

WAR  SAVINGS  STAMPS  WILL  lUV   SHELLS. 


[loyj 


PUTTING  ALL  THEIR  PUNCH  IN  ONE  GLOVE. 

On  March  28, 1918,  unity  of  military  command  was  agreed 
upon  between  the  Alhes  and  General  Foch  was  appointed  the 
Commander-in-chief  of  the  Allied  armies.  His  superb  strategy 
enabled  him  to  withstand  the  monstrous  German  offensives  in 
spite  of  the  enemy's  overwhelming  man  power,  and  then 
finally,  when  American  troops  had  arrived  in  sufficient  num- 
bers, to  launch  the  attack  which  achieved  the  ultimate  victory. 


[no] 


Bv  R.  O.   Evjiiis  in   tlie  Baliimare  American. 


rUTTIXG  ALL    TIIKIK   PrX(^II   IX   OXK  (.L()\  K 


[111] 


IT'S  A  RACE  BETWEEN  HINDENBURG  AND 

WILSON. 

Germany  thought  the  United  States  would  not  fight  and 
even  after  war  had  been  declared  the  Germans  jeered  at  the 
"little  United  States  army."  But  she  soon  discovered  Amer- 
ica's war  strength  and  America's  will  to  win.  The  latter  was 
well  expressed  in  President  Wilson's  Baltimore  address  on 
April  6,  1918,  which  closed: 

"There  is,  therefore,  but  one  response  possible  from  us — 
force;  force  to  the  utmost,  force  without  stint  or  limit,  the 
righteous  and  triumphant  force  which  shall  make  right  the 
law  of  the  world  and  cast  every  selfish  dominion  down  in  the 
dust." 


[112] 


By  Lute  Pease  in  tlie  Xrwark  Scir.s. 

IT'S  A  RACE  KKTWEKX  IIIXDKXIUKG  AND 

WILSON. 


[n.s] 


GRANTED. 

"The  object  of  this  war  is  to  deHver  the  free  peoples  of  the 
world  from  the  menace  and  the  actual  power  of  a  vast  military 
establishment  controlled  by  an  irresponsible  government  which, 
having  secretly  planned  to  do  uinate  the  world,  proceeded  to 
carry  the  plan  out  without  regard  either  to  the  sacred  obliga- 
tions of  treaty  or  the  long-established  practices  and  long- 
cherished  principles  of  international  action  and  honor;  which 
chose  its  own  time  for  the  war,  delivered  its  blow  fiercely  and 
suddenly;  stopped  at  no  barrier  either  of  law  or  of  mercy; 
swept  a  whole  continent  within  the  tide  of  blood — not  the  blood 
of  soldiers  only,  but  the  blood  of  innocent  women  and  children 
also  and  of  the  helpless  poor;  and  now  stands  balked  but  not 
defeated,  the  enemy  of  four-fifths  of  the  world." 
From  President  Wilson's  Beply  to  the  Pope,  April  27,  1918. 


[114] 


prouE  ptopn 


By  J.  FI.  Cassel  in  the  New  York  World. 

GKAXTEU. 


[115] 


ONE  FRONT  THEY  DIDN'T  MEAN  TO  BREAK. 

In  the  spring  of  1918  Germany's  U-boats  ventured  to 
cruise  in  American  waters  and  sunk  a  number  of  ships  with- 
in sight  of  our  very  shores.  To  those  to  whom  the  reality  of 
the  war  had  not  ah-eady  been  forcibly  brought  home,  this 
proved  that  the  enemy  was  not  three  thousand  miles  away  but 
right  at  our  gates. 


[116] 


By  Edwin  Marcus  in  the  Xew  York  Tinirs. 

ONE  FRONT  TIIKY  DIDX  T  MKAX  TO  HKEAK. 


[117] 


LOCKED  IN! 

In  the  spring  of  1918  the  British  Navy  performed  several 
feats  of  remarkable  daring  and  skill  in  bottling  up  the  harbors 
of  Zeebrugge  and  Ostend,  the  most  important  German  naval 
bases  on  the  Belgian  coast.  In  spite  of  heavy  land  fortifica- 
tions, the  British  were  able  to  make  a  surprise  attack  and  to 
sink  a  number  of  old  vessels  filled  with  concrete  in  the  channels. 
This  was  so  successfuUj'  done  that  exit  was  prevented  to  the 
many  submarines  and  destroyers  caught  in  the  harbor  and  the 
ports  became  practically  useless  as  naval  bases  for  future 
operations. 


[118] 


15y  J.  H.  CasscI  in  the  Nrtv  Ymk  fVorld. 

LOCKED  IN! 


[119] 


UP  TO  HIM. 

Great  Britain's  part  in  the  war  was  not  confined  to  con- 
trolling the  seas.  Her  troops  together  with  those  of  her  many 
colonies  held  a  good  part  of  the  line  on  the  western  front.  The 
staunchness  of  their  defensive  action  is  evidenced  by  Field 
Marshal  Haig's  famous  message  to  his  men  on  April  13,  1918 — 
"Every  position  must  be  held  to  the  last  man.  There  must 
be  no  retirement.  With  our  backs  to  the  wall  and  believing  in 
the  justice  of  our  cause,  every  one  of  us  must  fight  to  the  end." 


[120] 


s3ft-'?g'.'?g?!^<*ys:^ 


^/' 


By  Lute  Pease  in  the  \i-rvark  Newt. 


UP  TO  Tim. 


[121] 


HIGH  TIDE. 

The  German  General  Staff  soon  realized  the  danger  to 
their  country  of  the  rapidly  increasing  war  strength  of  the 
United  States  and  therefore  attempted  to  force  a  decision  be- 
fore America  was  completely  mobilized  for  battle.  On  March 
21,  1918,  Germany  started  a  widely  heralded  offensive  which 
was  to  break  the  Allies'  line  on  the  western  front,  and  at  one 
time  it  was  feared  that  the  Huns  would  be  successful.  Under 
the  direction  of  Ludendorff  the  Germans  expanded  three  sa- 
lients— the  Lys,  the  Picardy  and  the  Marne — but  in  the  mid- 
dle of  July  the  Allies  were  able  to  halt  this  advance  and  them- 
selves to  take  the  offensive. 


122] 


By  Nelson  Harding  in  the  Brooklyn  Dailt/  Eagle. 

HIGH  TIDE. 


[128] 


HIS  FIRST  TOWN. 

"At  Cantigny  on  May  28  (1918)  troops  of  the  First  Di- 
vision fought  their  first  real  engagement  and  carried  it  suc- 
cessfully. On  June  4,  the  Second  Division  of  Regulars  and 
Marines  went  into  the  line  on  the  Marne,  where  the  Germans 
were  driving  towards  Paris.  On  June  15,  they  met  the 
triumphantly  marching  enemy  in  the  Belleau  Woods,  stopped 
his  advance  and  in  an  impetuous  charge  drove  his  column  back 
more  than  900  yards.  It  was  a  brilliant  demonstration  of  the 
quality  of  our  troops,  and  among  the  weary  French  and  Brit- 
ish soldiers  in  the  trenches  the  word  flew  from  mouth  to  mouth 
that  the  Americans  were  first-class  fighting  men." 

From  the  Annual  Report  of  the  Secretary  of  War. 


[124] 


By  Rollin  kirby  in  the  Mew  York  ll'orld. 

HIS  FIRST  TOWN. 


[125] 


ANOTHER  GREAT  GERMAN  DISCOVERY. 

One  of  the  most  dramatic  incidents  of  the  war  was  when 
an  American  officer  at  Chateau-Thierry  responded  to  the  ad- 
vice of  a  French  commander  to  retreat  by  declaring,  "The 
American  flag  has  been  compelled  to  retire.  This  is  unendura- 
ble. We  are  going  to  counter-attack."  Another  of  the  war's 
historic  moments  was,  when  the  Germans  demanded  the  sur- 
render of  the  "lost  battalion,"  which  they  had  surrounded,  the 
American  commander  replied,  "Go  to  hell,"  and  held  back  the 
enemy  till  relief  came. 


[126] 


By  J.  N.  Ding  in  Uic  .Viir   lurk  Tribune  and   tlic  Des  Moines  liegittrr. 

ANOTHER  c;uf:at  German  discovery. 


[127] 


ONE  OR  THE  OTHER. 

In  June,  1918,  General  Crowder,  the  U.  S.  Provost  Mar- 
shal General,  issued  instructions  to  the  local  boards  that  all 
men  of  draft  age  must  either  do  essential  work  or  enter  the 
military  or  naval  services. 


[128] 


By  A.  U.  Cliapiu  in  the  Han  Francisco  i-__-.....i.T. 

ONE  OR  THE  OTHER. 


[129] 


HINDY'S  FALL  STYLE  DECORATIONS. 

On  July  14,  1918,  Germany  started  her  last  drive  on  the 
western  front.  On  the  18th,  Marshal  Foch  launched  a  suc- 
cessful counter-offensive  on  the  Aisne  and  the  Marne.  From 
this  date  until  November  11,  when  the  armistice  was  signed, 
the  American,  British  and  French  forces  conducted  practically 
a  continuous  offensive  and  slowly  but  surely  drove  the  Germans 
out  of  northern  France  and  southern  Belgium. 


[130] 


A/lb   Blue-   tY«-  l» 
MI6HTY    BECOMIH&, 
^H.WrtAT.' 


By  Robert  VV.  Satterfield. 

IIINDY'S  FALL  STYLE  DECORATIONS. 


[131] 


CONGRATULATIONS  FROM  AN  EXPERT. 

"The  world  knows  to-day  that  the  United  States  Marines 
held  that  line;  that  they  blocked  the  advance  that  was  rolling 
on  toward  Paris  at  a  rate  of  six  or  seven  miles  a  day ;  that  they 
met  the  attack  in  American  fashion  and  with  American  hero- 
ism; that  marines  and  soldiers  of  the  American  Army  threw 
back  the  crack  guard  divisions  of  Germany,  broke  their  ad- 
vance, drove  them  back  in  the  beginning  of  a  retreat  that  was 
not  to  end  until  the  'cease  firing'  signal  sounded  for  the  end 
of  the  world's  greatest  war." 

From  the  Annual  Report  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Navy. 


[132] 


-^ 


By  Rollin  Kirby  in  the  New   York  Ji'orld. 

CONGRATULATIONS  FROM  AN  EXPERT. 


[133] 


SEEING  STARS. 

Because  of  Germany's  superior  man-power  the  warfare  of 
the  Allies  was,  with  a  few  notable  exceptions,  largely  defensive 
in  character  until  July  18,  1918,  when  Marshal  Foch  ordered 
offensive  action.  On  August  2,  the  French  captured  Sois- 
sons.  On  October  9,  Cambrai  was  taken  by  the  British  and 
three  days  later  Laon  and  La  Fere  fell  to  the  French.  These 
towns  were  the  strongholds  of  the  famous  "Hindenburg  Line." 
Ostend,  Bruges  and  Lille  were  captured  by  the  Allies  on  Oc- 
tober 17;  Valenciennes  fell  to  the  British  on  November  2  and 
finally  Sedan  was  taken  by  the  American  Army  five  days  be- 
fore the  armistice  with  Germany  was  signed. 


134] 


^^^ 


By   Harry    Murphy   in  the   Chicai;o  llerald-Examinir. 

SEEIXC;  STARS. 


[135] 


THEY  ALSO  SERVE. 

Because  of  the  great  demand  for  gasoline  for  military  pur- 
poses, the  public  was  asked  to  conserve  the  supply.  The  uni- 
versal compliance  with  the  request  of  the  U.  S.  Fuel  Admin- 
istration not  to  use  gasoline  for  pleasure  driving  on  Sunday 
did  credit  to  the  patriotism  of  the  American  people. 


[136] 


'//?^^ 


By  Oscar  Cesare  in  the  Nerv  York  Evening  Post. 

THEY  ALSO  SP:RVE. 


[137] 


"THE  END  OF  A  PERFECT  DAY." 

"On  September  12th,  the  First  American  Army,  under  the 
personal  direction  of  General  Pershing,  launched  an  attack  on 
St.  Mihiel  and  within  twenty-four  hours  had  pinched  off  that 
heavily  fortified  salient  which  had  withstood  attack  through 
four  years  of  war.  The  elimination  of  this  salient,  which  had 
menaced  Eastern  France,  relieved  the  pressure  on  Verdun  and 
made  possible  further  advances  north  of  that  city." 

From  the  Annual  Report  of  the  Secretary  of  War. 


[138] 


By  Gaar  Williams  in  the  Indianapolis  Nfirs. 

"THE  EXU  OF  A  PERFECT  DAV.' 


[139] 


"I,  TOO,  AM  AGAINST  YOU!" 

"What  shall  we  say  of  the  women — of  their  instant  intelli- 
gence, quickening  every  task  that  they  touch;  their  capacity 
for  organization  and  cooperation,  which  gave  their  action  dis- 
cipline and  enhanced  the  effectiveness  of  everything  they  at- 
tempted; their  aptitude  at  tasks  to  which  they  had  never  be- 
fore set  their  hands ;  their  utter  self-sacrifice  alike  in  what  they 
did  and  what  they  gave?  Their  contribution  to  the  great  re- 
sult is  beyond  appraisal.  They  have  added  a  new  luster  to  the 
annals  of  American  womanhood." 

From,  President  Wilson's  Address  to  Congress, 

December  2,  1918. 


[140] 


By  Harry   Murpliy  in  tlif  Chicago  Ilerald-Kxaminer. 

"I,  TOO,  AM  AGAINST  YOUl" 


[i.;i] 


COLUMBIA'S  GREATER  TASK. 

"Against  the  dark  background  of  war  is  sharply  revealed 
the  bright  light  of  mercy  for  which  the  Red  Cross  stands." 
The  work  of  this  organization  at  the  front — not  only  in  the 
hospitals  but  also  on  the  battlefields — the  activities  of  the  vari- 
ous societies  far  behind  the  lines  which  rolled  bandages  and 
knitted  socks  and  sweaters,  and  the  home  service  rendered  to 
the  families  of  fighters,  constitutes  an  important  chapter  in 
the  history  of  the  war.  The  Red  Cross  has  in  the  minds  of 
every  one  been  accepted  as  the  "trade-mark  of  humanity." 


[142] 


By  Charles  Dann  Gibson  in  the  Red  Cross  Magazine. 

COLUMBIA'S  GREATER  TASK. 


[1*3] 


OUR  SUPERGUN  SPEAKS. 

The  draft  ages  were  extended  from  18  to  45  by  a  second 
Selective  Service  Act,  and  on  September  12,  1918,  approxi- 
mately 13,000,000  additional  men  were  registered.  In  the 
words  of  President  Wilson:  "This  registration  is  America's 
announcement  to  the  world  that  we  are  ready  to  complete  the 
task  already  begun  with  such  emphatic  success." 


[144] 


<l^ 


2  ^^''- 


By  Chas.   H.  Sykes  in  the  Philadelphia  Evening  Ledger. 

OUR  SUPERGUN  SPEAKS. 


[145] 


"BE  IT  EVER  SO  HUMBLE- 


"Better  the  death  of  the  whole  Nation  than  the  surrender 
of  our  national  liberty  to  the  Austrians.  We  can  wait  and  in 
the  end  Serbia  and  her  allies  will  emerge  victorious  from  the 
struggle."  This  was  the  creed  of  Serbia,  the  picked  victim 
of  the  German  plot  and  yet  the  stumbling-block  of  the  vast 
Prussian  schemes.     Her  faith  has  been  justified. 


[14.6] 


By  D.   R.   FiUpatriok  in  the  .S'(.  Louis  I'ost-Dispatch. 


BE  IT  EVER  SO  IIFMBLE- 


[1*TJ 


THE  RATS  ARE  BEGINNING  TO  LEAVE. 

September  14th,  1918,  General  Franchet  d'Esperey,  in 
command  of  the  allied  French,  British,  Serbian,  Montenegrin, 
Italian  and  Greek  troops  on  the  Macedonian  front,  launched 
an  offensive  against  the  Bulgarians.  This  was  so  successful 
that  twelve  days  later  Bulgaria  asked  for  a  suspension  of  hos- 
tilities, which  request  was  rejected,  but  resulted  in  her  capitula- 
tion on  September  30th,  amounting  to  unconditional  surrender. 


[148] 


By  J.   N.  Ding  in  the  \etv  York  Tribune  and  tlie  Dcs  Moines  licj^istcr. 

THE  RATS  ARE  BEGINNING  TO  LEAVE. 


[149] 


"BONDS— WHICH  ?" 

To  advertise  the  Fourth  Liberty  Loan  the  following  open 
letter  from  the  American  Expeditionary  Force  was  extensively 
published  in  the  United  States:  "To  the  President— If  the 
folks  back  home  fall  short  on  the  billions  you  need,  Mr.  Presi- 
dent, call  on  us  for  the  balance.  We  like  our  pay — but  if  we 
have  to,  we  can  go  without  it.  Yours  for  Victory,  A.  E.  F." 
The  "Folks  back  home"  did  their  part  and  their  answer  to  this 
appeal  for  funds  was  $6,989,047,000. 


[150] 


~"         «-»'^a*jt 


By  Oscar  Ccsurf  in  the  .\  c/r   York  Evening  I'ost. 

"BONDS     WHICH  r 


[151] 


AND  HE  ONLY  GOT  A  TASTE  OF  IT. 

"I  pay  the  supreme  tribute  to  our  officers  and  soldiers  of 
the  line.  When  I  think  of  their  heroism,  their  patience  under 
hardsiiips,  their  unflinching  spirit  of  offensive  action,  I  am 
filled  with  emotion  which  I  am  unable  to  express.  Their 
deeds  are  immortal,  and  they  have  earned  the  eternal  gratitude 
of  our  country." 

From  General  John  J.  Pershing's  Report. 


[152] 


t  ■ 

By  Chas.  H.  Sykes  in  the  Philadelphia  Evening  Ledger. 

AND  HE  ONLY  GOT  A  TASTE  OF  IT. 


f  J: ';>■■■■■■,*■  ■• . -•'*Vi/ ' "," 


[153] 


THE  WAIL  OF  A  BULLY. 

On  October  5,  1918,  the  German  Government  sent  a  note 
to  President  Wilson  requesting  the  opening  of  peace  negotia- 
tions.   The  note  said  in  part: 

"It  (the  German  Govermnent)  accei)ts  the  program  set 
forth  by  the  President  of  the  United  States  in  his  message  to 
Congress  on  January  8,  and  in  his  later  pronouncements,  espe- 
cially his  speech  of  September  27,  as  a  basis  for  peace  negotia- 
tions. 

"With  a  view  to  avoiding  further  bloodshed,  the  German 
Government  requests  the  immediate  conclusion  of  an  armistice 
on  land  and  water  and  in  the  air." 


[154] 


By  A.   H.   ('li.-ipin   in  tlio  .S'(.  I.oiiis  Ilipithlic. 

THE   WAIL  OF  A  lU'LLV. 


[155] 


"THAT  SIGNATURE  IS  NO  GOOD;  HAVE  THE 
LADY  SIGN  IT." 

At  the  outset  of  the  war  President  Wilson  stated  dis- 
tinctly that  the  people  of  the  United  States  were  "not  the 
enemies  of  the  German  people"  but  the  ruthless  rulers  of  Ger- 
many whose  word  could  not  be  taken  as  guarantee  for  any- 
thing that  was  to  endure.  Therefore  when  the  German  Chan- 
cellor agreed  to  accept  President  Wilson's  fourteen  points  as 
a  basis  of  peace,  President  Wilson  in  his  reply  inquired 
whether  this  peace  plea  came  from  "veritable  representatives 
of  the  German  people,  who  have  been  assured  of  a  genuine  con- 
stitutional standing  as  the  real  rulers  of  Germany." 


[156] 


By  Edwin  Marcus  in  the  \ew  York  Timet. 

"THAT  SIGNATURE   IS  NO  GOOD;  HAVE  THE 
LADY  SIGN  IT." 


[157] 


"PEACE— KAMERAD !" 

Having  learnt  by  sad  experience  that  the  word  of  the  rul- 
ers of  Germany  could  not  be  trusted,  President  Wilson  replied 
to  Germany's  request  for  peace  "that  the  only  armistice  he 
would  feel  justified  in  submitting  for  consideration  would  be 
one  which  should  leave  the  United  States  and  the  powers  asso- 
ciated with  her  in  a  position  to  enforce  any  arrangement  that 
may  be  entered  into  and  to  make  a  renewal  of  hostilities  on 
the  part  of  Germany  impossible." 


[158] 


By  Nelson  Hnrdiiifj;  in  tlir  lirooklifn  Eagle. 

"PEACE— K  AM  KU  AD! 


[159] 


"HOW  COULD  I  HELP  IT?    ALLAH  QUIT  WHEN 
HE  FOUND  GOTT  HAD  DESERTED  I" 

Although  the  United  States  never  declared  war  against 
Turkey,  diplomatic  relations  were  severed  on  April  20,  1917. 
The  news  of  Turkey's  surrender  on  October  31,  1918,  was 
therefore  not  displeasing  as  it  clearly  indicated  what  was  to 
follow. 


[160] 


By  Chaa.  H.  Sykcs  in  the  Philadelphia  Evening  Ledger. 

"HOW  COULD  I  HELP  IT?     ALLAH  QUIT  WHEN 
HE  FOUND  GOTT  H.\D  DESERTED!" 


[1(51] 


VANDAL  IN  VICTORY,  VANDAL  IN  DEFEAT. 

The  story  of  Germany's  invasion  of  Belgium  and  north- 
em  France  is  a  continual  record  of  pillage  and  plunder. 
Through  a  system  of  "frightfulness,"  which  consisted  in  burn- 
ing villages  and  murdering  innocent  women  and  children,  the 
Huns  attempted  to  win  the  war  through  fear.  In  spite  of  the 
rules  agreed  upon  at  the  Hague  Conventions,  private  property 
was  seized  and  destroyed  without  thought  of  compensation. 
The  same  vandalism  which  was  characteristic  of  their  victorious 
advance  was  evidenced  by  their  retreat  when  they  carried  off 
with  them  everything  they  could  and  attempted  to  destroy  all 
that  remained. 


[162] 


'l  .  .  <V^^.'  ?W.*  r»V».  *--  • 


By  Rollin  Kirby  in  the  New  York  World. 

VANDAL  IX   VICTORY.  \  AMJAL  IN   DEFEAT. 


[163] 


ADJOURNING  POLITICS  FOR  THE  DURATION 

OF  THE  WAR. 

Though  it  was  said  that  politics  were  adjourned  for  the 
duration  of  the  war,  the  congressional  elections  of  November, 
1918,  showed  plainly  that  a  majority  of  the  politicians  were 
anti-administration.  The  main  issue,  however,  between  the 
political  parties  was  not  the  support  of  the  war  but  the  vigor 
of  its  prosecution. 


[164] 


By  J.  N.  Ding  in  the  Ntw  York  Tribune  and  the  Det  Moinet  Register. 

ADJOURNING  POLITICS  FOR  THE  DURATION 

OF  THE  WAR. 


[165] 


THE  SWEETHEART  OF  THE  ALLIES. 

The  Salvation  Army,  the  Young  Men's  Christian  Asso- 
ciation, the  Young  Women's  Christian  Association,  the  Catho- 
lic War  Council,  the  Jewish  Welfare  Board,  the  American 
Library  Association  and  the  War  Camp  Community  Service, 
which  organizations  rendered  such  splendid  services  among  the 
troops  over  here  and  over  there,  conducted  a  united  drive  for 
funds  and  in  one  week  $203,000,000  was  raised. 


1166] 


^i  ■>  ■-'i?' ■  •"•'v.*, 


rr-^ 


r^^x:> 


By  Paul  Fung  in  the  Seattle  Pott-Intelligencer. 

THE  SWEETHEART  OF  THE  ALLIES. 


[167] 


DOG-GONE  IT. 

After  Russia  overthrew  her  autocratic  government,  Ger- 
many attempted  to  so  vpeaken  her  by  causing  internal  revolu- 
tion that  she  would  be  compelled  to  sign  a  separate  peace.  The 
Brest-Litovsk  Treaty,  which  was  negotiated  between  Germany 
on  one  side  and  German  secret  agents  representing  Russia 
on  the  other,  was  a  temporary  victory  for  Germany  but  proved 
ineffective  when  other  factions  gained  control  of  Russia.  Bol- 
shevism fostered  by  Germans  in  Russia  proved  to  be  a  boom- 
erang to  Germany  during  the  closing  months  of  the  war. 


[168] 


I^M'  ^\. 


By  Claude  Shafer  in  the  Cincinnati  Pott. 

DOG-GONE  IT. 


[169] 


THE  YELLOW  STREAK. 

On  November  3-5,  because  of  an  alleged  order  to  proceed 
to  sea  and  engage  the  enemy,  a  mutiny  occurred  in  the  Ger- 
man fleet  at  Kiel  and  other  naval  bases,  the  men  organizing 
Soldiers'  and  Workers'  Councils.  On  November  7,  King  Lud- 
wig  was  deposed  and  Bavaria  was  proclaimed  a  republic.  This 
move  was  followed  in  a  few  days  by  Saxony,  Wiirttemberg, 
Baden  and  other  German  states.  On  November  9,  Kaiser 
Wilhelm  offered  the  regency  to  Prince  Max  and  appointed 
Friedrich  Elbert,  Majority  Socialist  Leader,  Chancellor.  The 
latter  ignored  the  regency  and  formed  his  own  cabinet.  On 
the  same  day  the  Kaiser  fled  to  Holland. 


[170] 


*--  *iiL^>^ic>n.tKH  ;3Vt.c\K\-"jr-. 


By  Nelson  Harding  in  tlic  Brooklyn  Daily  Eagle. 

tup:  yellow  streak. 


[171] 


PEACE  ON  EARTH. 

"My  Fellow  Countrymen:  The  armistice  was  signed  this 
morning.  Everything  for  which  America  fought  has  been  ac- 
complished. It  will  now  be  our  fortunate  duty  to  assist  by  ex- 
ample, by  sober,  friendly  counsel  and  by  material  aid  in  the  es- 
tablishment of  just  democracy  throughout  the  world." 
President  Wilson's  Proclamation  announcing  the  signing  of 

the  armistice  J  November  11,  1918. 


[172] 


CttA^'M 


By  A.  B.  Cliapin  in  the  St.  Louis  lifpublic. 

PEACE  ON  EARTH. 


[173] 


THE  GORGON'S  HEAD. 

At  the  date  of  the  signing  of  the  armistice  there  was  in 
the  military  service  of  the  United  States  over  one  quarter  of 
the  entire  male  population  between  the  ages  of  18  and  31.  In 
ninetewi  months  the  United  States  army  grew  from  189,674  in 
March,  1917,  to  3,664,000  in  November,  1918.  At  the  latter 
date  the  United  States  was  represented  overseas  by  an  army 
of  two  milhon  men,  a  contingent  second  only  to  the  French. 


[174] 


By  Robert  Carter  in  the  Philtuirlphia  Prrst. 

THE  GORGON'S  HEAD. 


[173] 


J'lIE  DAWN  OF  TO-MORROW. 

"To  conquer  with  arms  is  to  make  only  a  temporary  con- 
quest; to  conquer  the  world  by  earning  its  esteem  is  to  make 
permanent  conquest.  I  am  confident  that  the  nations  that  have 
learned  the  discipline  of  freedom  and  that  have  settled  with 
self-possession  of  its  ordered  practice  are  now  about  to  make 
conquest  of  the  world  by  the  sheer  power  of  example  and  of 
friendly  helpfulness." 

From  President  Wilson's  Address  to  Congress,  November  11, 
1918,  annowncing  the  armistice  terms  with  Germany. 


[176] 


By  J.  H.  Cassel  in  tlic  Netv  York  World. 

THE  UAWN  OF  TO-MOIIKOW. 


[177] 


THE  LOST  RETURNED. 

Six  days  after  the  signing  of  the  armistice  the  occupation 
of  the  evacuated  territory  began.  On  November  19th,  1918, 
Frendi  troops,  under  Marshal  Petain,  occupied  Metz  and  on 
the  same  day  King  Albert  entered  Antwerp.  Three  days 
later  he  rode  into  Brussels.  On  November  28  French  troops 
occupied  Strassburg.  On  December  8  the  Americans  reached 
Coblenz. 


178] 


J   .1    /' 


Br  J.   H.   C'assi-1   ill  till-  Scrv    \  ork   World. 

THE  LOST  UETrUXEI). 


[179] 


HOME. 

"At  the  moment  that  you  reenter  Brussels  at  the  head  of 
your  victorious  army,  may  I  not  express  the  great  joy  that  it 
gives  to  me  and  the  American  people  to  hail  your  return  to 
your  Capitol,  marking  your  final  triumph  in  this  war,  which  has 
cost  your  nation  so  much  suffering  but  from  which  it  will  arise 
in  new  strength  to  a  higher  destiny?" 

Telegram  sent  by  President  Wilson  to  King  Albert  of  Belgium. 


[180] 


By  Rollin  Kirby  in  the  New  York  World. 

HOME. 


[181] 


OUT  AT  LAST. 

On  November  20, 1918.  the  German  Navy,  without  having 
fought  a  single  formidable  battle,  surrendered  to  the  Grand 
Allied  Fleet.  Admiral  Beatty's  historic  order  will  not  be  for- 
gotten: "The  German  flag  is  to  be  hauled  down  at  sunset 
to-day  and  is  not  to  be  hoisted  again  without  permission." 


[182] 


—  ••r.»H>w»s*«iaiyir/M»!»  ■ 


•         '  '  '^-     Iff  II  r  I         ■ 


]5y    l{.>lliii    Kirl)_v   in   the   \rw    York   IVorld. 


i«f^ 


OUT  AT  LAST. 


[183] 


THANKSGIVING  BIRDS. 

"This  year  we  have  special  and  moving  cause  to  be  grateful 
and  to  rejoice.  God  has  in  His  good  pleasure  given  us  peace. 
It  has  not  come  as  a  mere  cessation  of  arms — a  mere  reUef 
from  the  strain  and  tragedy  of  war.  It  has  come  as  a  great 
triumph  of  right.  Complete  victory  has  brought  us,  not  peace 
alone,  but  the  confident  promise  of  a  new  day  as  well  in  which 
justice  shall  replace  force  and  intrigue  among  the  nations." 
From  President  Wilson's  1918  Thanksgiving  Proclamation. 


[184] 


By  Claude  Slialir  in  llu-  CiiKinitali  Post. 

THANKSGIVING  BIRDS. 


[185] 


"I  HAVE  TO  REPORT,  SIR,  THE  JOB  IS  DONE." 

On  December  26,  1918,  the  Grand  American  Fleet  re- 
turned to  the  United  States,  having  cooperated  with  the  Al- 
lied navies  throughout  the  war.  Transports  and  merchant 
ships  were  so  successfully  protected  against  the  attacks  of  Ger- 
man submarines  that  two  million  American  soldiers  and  untold 
quantities  of  food  and  war  supplies  were  transported  to  France 
with  remarkably  few  losses.  With  the  German  navy  and  mer- 
chant marine  bottled  up  in  harbors,  the  commerce  of  the  United 
States  and  the  Allies  continued  practically  as  before. 


[186] 


By  KoUin  Kirby  of  the  AVn-  I'orfc  World. 

"I  HAVE  TO  REPORT,  SIR,  THE  JOB  IS  DONE." 


[187] 


"DIE  WACHT  AM  RHEIN." 

In  order  to  prevent  the  resumption  of  hostilities,  under 
the  terms  of  the  armistice  the  Allied  armies  of  occupation  took 
over  all  German  territory  on  the  left  bank  of  the  Rhine,  as 
well  as  several  important  cities  on  the  right  side.  Germany 
was  required  also  to  turn  over  to  the  Allies  large  quantities 
of  guns  and  railroad  material  and  to  repatriate  immediately 
without  reciprocity  all  prisoners  of  war. 


[188] 


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By  O.    1'.   Williams   in  the  \crv   York  Journal. 

"DIE  WACIIT  AM  RIIEIN." 


[189] 


THE  COLORS. 

"I  think  that,  in  spite  of  all  the  terrible  suflFering  and  sac- 
rifice of  this  war,  we  shall  some  day,  in  looking  back  upon 
them,  realize  that  they  were  worth  while,  not  only  because  of 
the  security  they  gave  the  world  against  unjust  aggression, 
but  also  because  of  the  understanding  they  established  between 
the  great  nations,  which  ought  to  act  with  each  other  in  the 
permanent  maintenance  of  justice  and  of  right." 
From  President  Wilson's  address  on  arriving  at  Dover,  Eng- 
land, December  26,  1918. 


[190] 


0<lU  U)d  (r«<n 


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BUck  Wt  ihc  fcelJ)  wb«D  tb«  caanoD*  com 


.:e    f(*r    rrrrmort. 


By  Jolin  T.  McCutchcon  in  the  Chicago  Tribune. 

THE  COLORS. 


[191] 


OVERBALANCED. 

In  a  task  as  tremendous  as  that  which  the  United  States 
had  to  undertake — to  mobilize  for  battle  a  nation  unprepared 
for  war — it  was  obviously  impossible  to  avoid  some  mistakes. 
But  the  astonishing  results  that  were  accomplished  completely 
overbalanced  the  errors  that  were  made.  In  time,  our  errors, 
which  brought  forth  so  much  criticism,  will  disappear  from 
view,  and  our  achievements  will  stand  out  clearly. 


[192] 


By  J.   H.  Cassel  in  the  S'erv   York   JVorld. 

OVERBALANCED. 


^^  <^^^ 


[193] 


HOMEWARD  BOUND. 

Our  pride  in  having  our  boys  go  over  to  France  to  fight 
to  help  free  the  world  of  autocracy  was  second  only  to  our  joy 
in  having  our  victorious  soldiers  return  once  more  to  our 
shores. 


L194] 


By  O.  P.  Williams  in  Llic  A'lwc  York  Journal. 

IIOMEWAllD  BOUND. 


[IDS] 


AIN'T  IT  A  GRAND  AND  GLORIOUS  FEELING? 

Instead  of  the  old  pension  system,  the  United  States  Gov- 
ernment offered  every  soldier  and  sailor  special  war  risk  in- 
surance at  reasonable  rates.  Provision  was  made  for  the  fami- 
lies of  fighters  by  an  allotment  system  under  which  the  soldier 
and  the  Government  each  contributed  one-half.  The  wounded 
were  carefully  nursed  back  to  health  and  those  who  were  per- 
manently incapacitated  were  taught  new  trades  so  that  they 
might  become  self-supporting.  Through  the  United  States 
Employment  Service  an  effort  was  made  to  find  a  position  for 
every  discharged  soldier  and  sailor. 


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AIM   T        'T        A 

GLOR  R  W'O'JS 

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By  Clare  Briggs  in  the  Neva  York  Tribune. 

AIN'T  IT  A  GRAND  AND  GLORIOUS  FEELING? 


[197] 


THE  MESSAGE  AND  THE  MESSENGER. 

Breaking  the  precedent  that  the  President  of  the  United 
States  never  leaves  the  country,  President  Wilson  on  Decem- 
ber 4,  1918,  sailed  for  Europe  to  attend  the  Peace  Conference. 
Other  members  of  the  American  mission  were  Secretary  of 
State  Lansing,  Col.  E.  M.  House,  Gen.  Tasker  H.  Bliss,  and 
ex-Ambassador  Henry  White.  President  Wilson's  visits  to 
Paris,  London  and  Rome  were  the  occasion  for  unprecedented 
demonstrations  by  the  populace. 


[198] 


By  Chas.  H.  Sykes  in  the  Philadelphia  Evening  Ledger. 

THE  xMESSAGE  AND  THE  MESSENGER. 


[199] 


"GOSH." 

Although  the  principal  war  aim  of  the  Allied  belligerents 
was  identical — namely,  to  overthrow  Teutonic  autocracy — 
many  of  the  minor  ambitions  of  the  several  nations  conflicted. 
This,  together  with  the  problem  of  establishing  a  League  of 
Nations  to  insure  permanent  peace,  presented  a  difficult  puzzle 
for  the  representatives  at  the  Peace  Conference  to  solve. 


[200] 


By  A.  B.  Chapin  in  the  St.  Louis  Republic. 

"GOSIL" 


[201] 


AND  THUS  ENDETH  THE  STORY. 

Exactly  five  years  after  the  assassinations  at  Sarajevo 
on  June  28,  1919,  the  Peace  Treaty  veas  signed  at  Versailles 
by  the  German  delegates  and  representatives  of  all  the  Allied 
powers,  except  China.  Embodied  in  the  treaty  were  the  cove- 
nant providing  for  a  League  of  Nations,  which  is  destined  to 
aid  materially  in  the  prevention  of  future  wars  and  in  the  es- 
tablishment of  international  justice. 


[202] 


Ky  J.  N.  Ding,  ill  Ui(    v.  Y.  Tribune  and  tlic  Des  Moines  Register. 

AND  THUS  ENDETH  THE  STORY 


[203] 


AND  THE  NEXT  LESSON  WILL  BE- 


The  world  has  been  made  safe  for  democracy  in  that  vic- 
tory has  done  away  with  the  dangerous  forces  of  autocracy 
and  has  made  possible  the  establishment  of  true  democracy. 
Added  to  this  task  are  many  new  and  difficult  reconstruction 
problems — not  only  the  physical  rebuilding  of  Europe  but 
also  the  more  complicated  necessity  of  labor  adjustment. 


[204] 


liy  A.   Ij.  C  liapin  in  tlie  St.  Louis  licpublic. 

AND  THE  NEXT  LESSON  WILL  BE- 


[205] 


"IS  IT  POSSIBLE  THAT  WE  WILL  GO  RIGHT 
BACK  TO  THIS?" 

During  the  war  people  everywhere  have  grown  to  recog- 
nize more  seriously  than  ever  before  their  obligations  to  the 
state  and  to  their  fellow  beings.  The  men  who  have  offered 
their  lives  for  their  country  will  certainly  not  return  to  merely 
selfish  existences.  It  is  to  be  hoped  that  the  superb  spirit  of 
service  manifest  so  universally  during  the  period  of  belligerency 
will  continue  to  move  people  to  help  solve  the  many  equally 
serious  problems  of  peace. 


[206] 


mMiW"-^ 


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By  J.  N.   Ding  iti  the  Des  Mainrs  lirgitlrr. 

"IS  IT  POSSIRI.K  THAT  \\  K  UlLI.  (.C)  KK.U  1' 
BACK  TO  TlllSr 


[207] 


University  of  California 

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405  Hllgard  Avenue,  Los  Angeles,  CA  90024-1388 

Return  this  material  to  the  library 

from  which  It  was  borrowed. 


A 


Illlillllillllilll 

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IN  CARTOONS 


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Compiled  Sl  Edited  by 
George  J.  Hecht. 


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